入门版的车道线检测（python+opencv）

参考资料

链接1
链接2

这个代码，我只是仿写。不同的地方在于，能不用函数就不用。应该客观性好点。代码步骤如下。我也学着装B，在GitHub上存了我的完整代码。还有利用这个代码识别自己图片中车道线的实例，还有一点点解析。可以去看看，对了还有代码原图。
链接3

1 加载图片

import cv2 as cv 
import numpy as np

#读取图片
src = cv.imread('OpenCV/LaneDetection/lane.jpg')

2 高斯滤波

#高斯降噪
src1 = cv.GaussianBlur(src,(5,5),0,0)
cv.imshow('gaosi',src1)

3 转灰度图

#灰度处理
src2 = cv.cvtColor(src1,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv.imshow('huidu',src2)

4 边缘处理

#边缘检测
lthrehlod = 50
hthrehlod =150
src3 = cv.Canny(src2,lthrehlod,hthrehlod)
cv.imshow('bianyuan',src3)

5 ROI区域

#ROI划定区间,并将非此区间变成黑色
regin = np.array([[(0,src.shape[0]),(460,325),
(520,325),(src.shape[1],src.shape[0])]]) #为啥要两中括号？
mask = np.zeros_like(src3)  
mask_color = 255   #src3图像的通道数是1，且是灰度图像，所以颜色值在0-255
cv.fillPoly(mask,regin,mask_color)
src4 = cv.bitwise_and(src3,mask)
cv.imshow('bianyuan',src4)

6 区分车道线（这里也可以把线画出来，但是效果不好，有位置比较差的点）

#利用霍夫变换原理找出上图中的像素点组成的直线，然后画出来
rho = 1
theta = np.pi/180
threhold =15 
minlength = 40
maxlengthgap = 20
lines = cv.HoughLinesP(src4,rho,theta,threhold,np.array([]),minlength,maxlengthgap)
#画线
linecolor =[0,255,255]
linewidth = 4
src5 = cv.cvtColor(src4,cv.COLOR_GRAY2BGR) #转化为三通道的图像
lefts =[]
rights =[]
for line  in lines:
    for x1,y1,x2,y2 in line:
        #cv.line(src5,(x1,y1),(x2,y2),linecolor,linewidth)
        #分左右车道
        k = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
        if k<0:
                lefts.append(line)
        else:
                rights.append(line)

7 接下来有两个函数，过滤点和得出直线方程然后得到直线两端点位置。（这里唯一的难点，过了就这代码就懂了），本来想拆分，但是没有看函数的输入也很难懂，看函数结合输入看吧。

#优化处理
def choose_lines(lines,threhold):     #过滤斜率差别较大的点
        slope =[(y2-y1)/(x2-x1) for line in lines for x1,x2,y1,y2 in line]
        while len(lines) >0:
                mean = np.mean(slope)   #平均斜率
                diff = [abs(s- mean) for s in slope]
                idx = np.argmax(diff) 
                if diff[idx] > threhold:
                        slope.pop(idx)
                        lines.pop(idx)
                else:
                        break
        
        return lines

def clac_edgepoints(points,ymin,ymax):  #可以理解成找一条线的端点
        x = [p[0] for p in points ]
        y = [p[1] for p in points ]

        k = np.polyfit(y,x,1) 
        func = np.poly1d(k) #方程是y关于x的函数，因为输入的ymin ymax。要求xmin，xmax

        xmin = int(func(ymin))
        xmax= int(func(ymax))

        return[(xmin,ymin),(xmax,ymax)]

good_leftlines = choose_lines(lefts,0.1) #处理后的点
good_rightlines = choose_lines(rights,0.1) 

leftpoints = [(x1,y1) for left in good_leftlines for x1,y1,x2,y2 in left]
leftpoints = leftpoints+[(x2,y2) for left in good_leftlines for x1,y1,x2,y2 in left]
rightpoints = [(x1,y1) for right in good_rightlines for x1,y1,x2,y2 in right]
rightpoints = rightpoints+[(x2,y2) for right in good_rightlines for x1,y1,x2,y2 in right]

lefttop = clac_edgepoints(leftpoints,325,src.shape[0])  # 要画左右车道线的端点
righttop = clac_edgepoints(rightpoints,325,src.shape[0])

src6 = np.zeros_like(src5)

cv.line(src6,lefttop[0],lefttop[1],linecolor,linewidth)
cv.line(src6,righttop[0],righttop[1],linecolor,linewidth)

#cv.imshow('onlylane',src6)

8 合成

#图像叠加
src7 = cv.addWeighted(src1,0.8,src6,1,0)
cv.imshow('Finally Image',src7)

记得代码后面加这几句啊

cv.waitKey(0)
cv.destroyAllWindows()