powerMock Junit单元测试

<!--powermock-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
    <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito2</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
    <artifactId>powermock-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
    <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

测试类中加入注解：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PowerMockIgnore({"javax.management.*","javax.script.ScriptEngineFactory"})  //Resolve prompted classloader error

 

一、如果单纯的测试某一个类中的某个方法，该方法内没有调用外部类的方法（本类除外），可单纯创建实例和引入要模拟的对象

@InjectMocks
    private XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl service;   //要测试的类
    @Mock
    private XmlCustomizedDataFieldsMapper xmlCustomizedDataFieldsMapper;  //测试方法需要mock的对象

例子：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PowerMockIgnore({"javax.management.*","javax.script.ScriptEngineFactory"})
    @InjectMocks
    private XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl service;
    @Mock
    private XmlCustomizedDataFieldsMapper xmlCustomizedDataFieldsMapper;
    @Mock
    private XmlCustomizedDataFieldsDTO dto;
    private static final int VALUE=123;
    @Test
    public void addXmlCustomizedDataFieldsDTO() {
        when(xmlCustomizedDataFieldsMapper.insert(any(XmlCustomizedDataFieldsDTO.class))).thenReturn(VALUE);
        int res = service.addXmlCustomizedDataFieldsDTO(dto);
        Assert.assertEquals(VALUE, res);
    }
}

 

重点讲第二种，当测试的方法中有调用其他外部类的方法时，用spy创建测试类实例，用Whitebox引入所调用外部方法所在的类

public class XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceTest {
    @InjectMocks
    private XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl service;
    @Mock
    private ProfilesService profilesService;  //此对象要和被测试类中引入的对象一模一样
    @Mock
    private XmlTemplateService xmlTemplateService;
 public void testXXXX() {
   XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl re = spy(new XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl());
   Whitebox.setInternalState(re,"profilesService",profilesService);
   Whitebox.setInternalState(re,"xmlTemplateService",xmlTemplateService);
}

测试public void方法：

    @Test
    public void getElementList()throws Exception{       //method of testing void & public
        XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl re = spy(new XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl());
        Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
        document.addElement(ELEMENT);
        Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
        doNothing().when(re,"replaceValue",any(Element.class),anyList());//测试的方法调用了外部的方法，可以直接mock，不走真实的一步
        re.getElementList(rootElement, getList());
        verify(re, times(1)).getElementList(any(Element.class), anyList());
    }

测试private void方法

    @Test
    public void replaceValue()throws Exception{       //method of testing void & private
        XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl re = spy(new XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl());
        Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
        document.addElement(ELEMENT);
        Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
        doNothing().when(re, "replaceValue", any(Element.class), anyList());//模拟调用一次该方法不应返回任何东西
        Whitebox.invokeMethod(re, "replaceValue", rootElement,getList());
        verifyPrivate(re, times(1)).invoke("replaceValue", any(Element.class), anyList());
    }

 

 

测试含引用外部类静态方法的方法：

    @Test
    public void specifyEnvironment() throws Exception{
        XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl re = spy(new XmlCustomizedDataFieldsServiceImpl());
        Whitebox.setInternalState(re,"dictionaryService",dictionaryService);
        mockStatic(GetCustomizationDataMapper.class);//测试方法内有调用外部类的静态方法时，先mock该类
        doReturn("AUUIIA").when(dictionaryService).getCountryCodeFromTab(anyString());
        doReturn(getMap()).when(GetCustomizationDataMapper.class,"beforeGetCustomizationData",any(ProfilesDTO.class),anyString(),anyString());//引用的外部类的静态方法
        Map<String, Object> map = re.specifyEnvironment(getProfilesDTO(), COUNTRYCODE);
        Assert.assertNotNull(map);
    }




@PrepareForTest({GetCustomizationDataMapper.class}) //在测试类头加上

测试时候如果有用到静态，或者私有，final的方法时，必须在测试的类中上添加注解@PrepareForTest（）

里面放入需要用到这种方法所在的类

如@PrepareForTest({AAA.class,BBB,class})