launch是枚举类型,用于启动异步任务时,传递给函数async的参数,它的定义如下:
enum class launch {
async = 0x1,
deferred = 0x2
};
launch::async
launch::async 表示在调用async函数的时候就开始创建新线程。
#include<iostream>
#include<future>
using namespace std;
class ThreadManage
{
public:
int myThread(int num)
{
cout << "Thread start id = " << this_thread::get_id() << endl;
chrono::milliseconds time(5000); //休息5秒
this_thread::sleep_for(time);
cout << "Thread end id = " << this_thread::get_id() << endl;
return num *2;
}
};
int main()
{
ThreadManage manage;
cout << "Main start id = " << this_thread::get_id() << endl;
future<int> result = async(std::launch::async, &ThreadManage::myThread,&manage,5);
cout << "continue......" << endl;
cout << "result = " << result.get() << endl; //阻塞,等待线程myThread结束,获取返回。
return 0;
}
launch::deferred
launch::deferred表示延迟调用,在调用future中的wait()或者get()函数时,才执行入口函数。(实际上,并没有创建新线程,是在主线程中调用的入口函数,下文通过打印线程 id 证明)。
将上例中 launch::async 改为launch::deferred,对比二者的不同。
launch::async | launch::deferred
可能创建新线程,也可能延迟调用。系统会根据当前的资源情况选择合适的方式。
不含launch参数时,作用与 launch::async | launch::deferred相同,也是可能创建新线程,也可能延迟调用。