cv::Mat 快速遍历与快速中值滤波

 1.图像快速遍历

遍历方法：直接获取cv::Mat对象的像素块数据指针

void fasterTraversePixel(cv::Mat &src)
{
	int w = src.cols;
	int h = src.rows;
	for (int row = 0; row < h; row++)
	{
		uchar* uc_pixel = src.data + row*src.step;
		for (int col = 0; col < w; col++)
		{
			uc_pixel[0] = 255 - uc_pixel[0];
			uc_pixel[1] = 255 - uc_pixel[1];
			uc_pixel[2] = 255 - uc_pixel[2];
			uc_pixel += 3;
		}
	}
}

测试图像信息如下，遍历这幅图像的时间为12ms左右。

2. 快速中值滤波

方法： 对于半径为1的中值滤波，涉及3*3像素，只需进行固定次数的像素比较，并采用SSE优化

void fasterMedianBlur3X3_SSE(unsigned char *Src, unsigned char *Dest, int Width, int Height, int Stride)
{
	int Channel = Stride / Width;
	int BlockSize = 16, Block = ((Width - 2)* Channel) / BlockSize;
	for (int Y = 1; Y < Height - 1; Y++)
	{
		unsigned char *LineP0 = Src + (Y - 1) * Stride + Channel;
		unsigned char *LineP1 = LineP0 + Stride;
		unsigned char *LineP2 = LineP1 + Stride;
		unsigned char *LinePD = Dest + Y * Stride + Channel;
		for (int X = 0; X < Block * BlockSize; X += BlockSize, LineP0 += BlockSize, LineP1 += BlockSize, LineP2 += BlockSize, LinePD += BlockSize)
		{
			__m128i P0 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP0 - Channel));
			__m128i P1 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP0 - 0));
			__m128i P2 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP0 + Channel));
			__m128i P3 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP1 - Channel));
			__m128i P4 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP1 - 0));
			__m128i P5 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP1 + Channel));
			__m128i P6 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP2 - Channel));
			__m128i P7 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP2 - 0));
			__m128i P8 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP2 + Channel));

			_mm_sort_ab(P1, P2);		_mm_sort_ab(P4, P5);		_mm_sort_ab(P7, P8);
			_mm_sort_ab(P0, P1);		_mm_sort_ab(P3, P4);		_mm_sort_ab(P6, P7);
			_mm_sort_ab(P1, P2);		_mm_sort_ab(P4, P5);		_mm_sort_ab(P7, P8);
			_mm_sort_ab(P0, P3);		_mm_sort_ab(P5, P8);		_mm_sort_ab(P4, P7);
			_mm_sort_ab(P3, P6);		_mm_sort_ab(P1, P4);		_mm_sort_ab(P2, P5);
			_mm_sort_ab(P4, P7);		_mm_sort_ab(P4, P2);		_mm_sort_ab(P6, P4);
			_mm_sort_ab(P4, P2);

			_mm_storeu_si128((__m128i *)LinePD, P4);
		}
		for (int X = Block * BlockSize; X < (Width - 2) * Channel; X++, LinePD++)
		{
			//	DO Something
		}
	}
}

 测试图像信息如下，中值滤波时间为0.14ms左右。

 带椒盐噪声的图像

 

 中值滤波效果

 

 3. 完整测试代码

//图像快速遍历与快速中值滤波测试代码
//by andyoyo@swust
//2019/7/3

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

//cv::Mat 图像快速遍历
void fasterTraversePixel(cv::Mat &src)
{
	int w = src.cols;
	int h = src.rows;
	for (int row = 0; row < h; row++)
	{
		uchar* uc_pixel = src.data + row*src.step;
		for (int col = 0; col < w; col++)
		{
			uc_pixel[0] = 255 - uc_pixel[0];
			uc_pixel[1] = 255 - uc_pixel[1];
			uc_pixel[2] = 255 - uc_pixel[2];
			uc_pixel += 3;
		}
	}
}

inline void _mm_sort_ab(__m128i &a, __m128i &b)
{
	const __m128i min = _mm_min_epu8(a, b);
	const __m128i max = _mm_max_epu8(a, b);
	a = min;        b = max;
}

//3*3快速中值滤波SSE优化
void fasterMedianBlur3X3_SSE(unsigned char *Src, unsigned char *Dest, int Width, int Height, int Stride)
{
	int Channel = Stride / Width;
	int BlockSize = 16, Block = ((Width - 2)* Channel) / BlockSize;
	for (int Y = 1; Y < Height - 1; Y++)
	{
		unsigned char *LineP0 = Src + (Y - 1) * Stride + Channel;
		unsigned char *LineP1 = LineP0 + Stride;
		unsigned char *LineP2 = LineP1 + Stride;
		unsigned char *LinePD = Dest + Y * Stride + Channel;
		for (int X = 0; X < Block * BlockSize; X += BlockSize, LineP0 += BlockSize, LineP1 += BlockSize, LineP2 += BlockSize, LinePD += BlockSize)
		{
			__m128i P0 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP0 - Channel));
			__m128i P1 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP0 - 0));
			__m128i P2 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP0 + Channel));
			__m128i P3 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP1 - Channel));
			__m128i P4 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP1 - 0));
			__m128i P5 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP1 + Channel));
			__m128i P6 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP2 - Channel));
			__m128i P7 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP2 - 0));
			__m128i P8 = _mm_loadu_si128((__m128i *)(LineP2 + Channel));

			_mm_sort_ab(P1, P2);		_mm_sort_ab(P4, P5);		_mm_sort_ab(P7, P8);
			_mm_sort_ab(P0, P1);		_mm_sort_ab(P3, P4);		_mm_sort_ab(P6, P7);
			_mm_sort_ab(P1, P2);		_mm_sort_ab(P4, P5);		_mm_sort_ab(P7, P8);
			_mm_sort_ab(P0, P3);		_mm_sort_ab(P5, P8);		_mm_sort_ab(P4, P7);
			_mm_sort_ab(P3, P6);		_mm_sort_ab(P1, P4);		_mm_sort_ab(P2, P5);
			_mm_sort_ab(P4, P7);		_mm_sort_ab(P4, P2);		_mm_sort_ab(P6, P4);
			_mm_sort_ab(P4, P2);

			_mm_storeu_si128((__m128i *)LinePD, P4);
		}
		for (int X = Block * BlockSize; X < (Width - 2) * Channel; X++, LinePD++)
		{
			//	DO Something
		}
	}
}


int main()
{
	cv::Mat image = cv::imread("test.png",-1);
	if (image.empty())
	{
		std::cout << "image is empty" << std::endl;
		system("pause");
		return 0;
	}

	cv::imshow("src", image);
	cv::waitKey(30);

	unsigned char *Src = image.data;
	
	cv::Mat dst;
	image.copyTo(dst);
	unsigned char *Dest = dst.data;

	int Width,  Height,  Stride;
	Width = image.cols;
	Height = image.rows;
	Stride = image.step;
	int64 t1 = cv::getTickCount();
	//fasterTraversePixel(image);//图像快速遍历
	fasterMedianBlur3X3_SSE(Src,Dest,Width,Height,Stride);//快速中值滤波
	int64 t2 = cv::getTickCount();
	double t = ((t2 - t1) / cv::getTickFrequency()) * 1000;
	std::cout << "Run time:" << t << "ms" << std::endl;
	cv::imshow("dst", dst);
	cv::waitKey(0);
	//system("pause");
	return 0;
}

 4. 参考资料

[1] https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA4MDExMDEyMw==&mid=2247486370&idx=1&sn=de64a64093c7fb6ffeffd44aa5da6d75&chksm=9fa87ce6a8dff5f0f8511f76dfa3318e5144dc322443e9ecf5d41519d66efbc4db31e969e91c&xtrack=1&scene=0&subscene=126&sessionid=1562202947&clicktime=1562202967&ascene=7&devicetype=android-28&version=2700043c&nettype=cmnet&abtest_cookie=BQABAAoACwASABMAFQAFACOXHgC%2BmR4A%2BZkeAAuaHgASmh4AAAA%3D&lang=zh_CN&pass_ticket=OIUa0ruLQi7ZrMOVh1HK4HQe%2FnJp%2BFUnNVKNxR%2BE3BvPXJNrGDL7V14Jc6TcoMC7&wx_header=1

[2] https://www.cnblogs.com/Imageshop/p/11087804.html