Java中文件上传一般通过借助第三方组件,听说Servlet3.0出来之后也可以用Servlet直接写文件上传,但是我这次还是通过借助Apache的common fileupload组件实现上传功能。
其中要想完成文件上传,必须有几个注意事项:
一:把form表单的enctype属性值设置为multipart/form-data
二:最好以post方式提交
三:表单中提供<input type="file"类型的上传输入域
其中form表单的enctype属性
该属性的作用是用来告知服务器,请求正文内容的MIME类型的。相当于请求消息头Content-Type。
在第一个上传页面中代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>文件上传demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="FileUploadServlet" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
姓名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br/>
文件一:<input type="file" name="file1"/><br/>
文件二:<input type="file" name="file2"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="上传"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
在文件处理servlet中代码如下:
package com.levi.fileUpload;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils;
public class FileUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//检测form是否是multipart/form-data类型的
boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
if(!isMultipart){
throw new RuntimeException("form表单的enctype类型必须为 multipart/form-data");
}
//解析请求内容
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();//产生FileItem的工厂
ServletFileUpload sfu = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
List<FileItem> items = new ArrayList<FileItem>();
try {
items = sfu.parseRequest(request);
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("解析请求失败");
}
//遍历:
for(FileItem item:items){
//处理普通字段
if(item.isFormField()){
processFormField(item);
}else{
//处理上传字段
processUploadField(item);
}
}
}
protected void processUploadField(FileItem item) {
try {
// InputStream in = item.getInputStream();
//找一个存放文件的位置;存放的文件名
String fileName = item.getName();//上传的文件的文件名
if(fileName!=null){
fileName = FilenameUtils.getName(fileName);
}
//存放路径
//String realPath = getServletContext().getRealPath("/files");
String realPath=new String("d:\\UploadFile");//把上传的文件放到d盘下的这个文件夹
File storeDirectory = new File(realPath);
if(!storeDirectory.exists()){
storeDirectory.mkdirs();
}
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(storeDirectory, fileName));
InputStream in=item.getInputStream();
int len = -1;
byte b[] = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(b))!=-1){
out.write(b, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
//这个是借助提供插件的写文件。和前面几行手动写的代码是一样的
//item.write(new File(storeDirectory, fileName));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
protected void processFormField(FileItem item) {
//打印到控制台
String fieldName = item.getFieldName();
String fieldValue = null;
try
{
fieldValue = new String(item.getString("utf-8"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(fieldName+"="+fieldValue);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
既然写了servlet,那就必须要配置servlet啦。相信你们肯定都会做。不过俺还是附web.xml中的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>FileUpload</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<description></description>
<display-name>FileUploadServlet</display-name>
<servlet-name>FileUploadServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.levi.fileUpload.FileUploadServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>FileUploadServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/FileUploadServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
结果:最后成功获取到了我上传时的姓名,并打印到控制台了
并且在D:\UploadFile文件夹下也成功的出现了我们上传的文件。
包含的jar包为:
相关的jar包可以在Apache上下到,需要的朋友自己去百度然后下载。