1127. ZigZagging on a Tree (30) PAT甲级刷题

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-28 14:13:04 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-02-28 14:13:04 发布

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分类专栏： PAT甲级题文章标签： c 编程练习

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本文介绍了一种二叉树的特殊遍历方式——ZigZag遍历，并提供了一个完整的C++实现示例。该算法首先通过中序和后序遍历构建二叉树，然后进行层序遍历，最终按从根节点开始交错的顺序输出各层节点。

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1127. ZigZagging on a Tree (30)

时间限制

400 ms

内存限制

65536 kB

代码长度限制

16000 B

判题程序

Standard

作者

CHEN, Yue

Suppose that all the keys in a binary tree are distinct positive integers. A unique binary tree can be determined by a given pair of postorder and inorder traversal sequences. And it is a simple standard routine to print the numbers in level-order. However, if you think the problem is too simple, then you are too naive. This time you are supposed to print the numbers in "zigzagging order" -- that is, starting from the root, print the numbers level-by-level, alternating between left to right and right to left. For example, for the following tree you must output: 1 11 5 8 17 12 20 15.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (<= 30), the total number of nodes in the binary tree. The second line gives the inorder sequence and the third line gives the postorder sequence. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print the zigzagging sequence of the tree in a line. All the numbers in a line must be separated by exactly one space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.

Sample Input:

8
12 11 20 17 1 15 8 5
12 20 17 11 15 8 5 1

Sample Output:

1 11 5 8 17 12 20 15

思路：1、中序+后序建树，这个用递归算法就行，形参是两个序列的左端点和右端点。

2.拉链输出，层序遍历，修改层数信息，将遍历结果保存进一个vector数组，索引为层数，输出时层数为奇数则正序输出，偶数则逆序输出。

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
struct TNode{
    int left=-1,right=-1;
    int lvl;
}tree[100000];
int n,in[31],post[31];
int build(int l1,int r1,int l2,int r2){
    int rt = post[r2];
    int i = 0;
    while(in[i]!=rt) ++i;
    int l=i-l1,r=r1-i;
    if(l!=0)
        tree[rt].left = build(l1,i-1,l2,l2+l-1);
    if(r!=0)
        tree[rt].right = build(i+1,r1,r2-r,r2-1);
    return rt;
}
int main()
{
    cin>>n;
    for(int i=0;i<n;++i)
        cin>>in[i];
    for(int i=0;i<n;++i)
        cin>>post[i];
    int rt = build(0,n-1,0,n-1);
    vector<int> lvl[31];
    lvl[0].push_back(rt);
    tree[rt].lvl=0;
    queue<TNode> q;
    q.push(tree[rt]);
    while(!q.empty()){
        TNode tmp = q.front();
        q.pop();
        if(tmp.left!=-1){
            tree[tmp.left].lvl = tmp.lvl+1;
            lvl[tmp.lvl+1].push_back(tmp.left);
            q.push(tree[tmp.left]);
        }
        if(tmp.right!=-1){
            tree[tmp.right].lvl = tmp.lvl+1;
            lvl[tmp.lvl+1].push_back(tmp.right);
            q.push(tree[tmp.right]);
        }
    }
    cout<<lvl[0][0];
    for(int i=1;i<31;++i){
        if(lvl[i].size()==0) break;
        if(i%2==0)
            for(auto j=lvl[i].rbegin();j!=lvl[i].rend();++j)
                cout<<' '<<*j;
        else
            for(auto j:lvl[i])
                cout<<' '<<j;
    }
    return 0;
}