【Leetcode】215. 数组中第 k 大的数字（Kth Largest Element in an Array）

Leetcode - 215 Kth Largest Element in an Array (Medium)

Input: [3,2,1,5,6,4] and k = 2
Output: 5

解法一：排序

public int findKthLargest(int[] nums, int k) {
    Arrays.sort(nums);
    return nums[nums.length - k];
}

解法二：堆

public int findKthLargest(int[] nums, int k) {
    PriorityQueue<Integer> pq = new PriorityQueue<>(); // 小顶堆
    for (int val : nums) {
        pq.add(val);
        if (pq.size() > k)  // 维护堆的大小为 K
            pq.poll();
    }
    return pq.peek();
}

解法三：快速选择

public int findKthLargest(int[] nums, int k) {
    k = nums.length - k;
    int l = 0, h = nums.length - 1;
    while (l < h) {
        int j = partition(nums, l, h);
        if (j == k) {
            break;
        } else if (j < k) {
            l = j + 1;
        } else {
            h = j - 1;
        }
    }
    return nums[k];
}

private int partition(int[] a, int l, int h) {
    int i = l, j = h + 1;
    while (true) {
        while (a[++i] < a[l] && i < h) ;
        while (a[--j] > a[l] && j > l) ;
        if (i >= j) {
            break;
        }
        swap(a, i, j);
    }
    swap(a, l, j);
    return j;
}

private void swap(int[] a, int i, int j) {
    int t = a[i];
    a[i] = a[j];
    a[j] = t;
}