使用STM32CubeMX创建USB MSC工程

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前言

由于项目需要，要实现USB组合设备（Custom HID + MSC）功能。
前面已经使用STM32CubeMX工具实现了 Custom HID功能，这篇实现大容量存储设备MSC
笔者虽然使用的STM32H7的MCU但是其他MCU型号也有参考意义。

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实验步骤

1、打开STM32CubeMX工具，选择你的MCU型号

笔者这里使用的是STM32H7的MCU，你们选择自己的MCU型号即可（比如，F103C8T6，F407ZGT6等）

2、配置系统参数，USB参数等

笔者的这颗MCU使用的是外部8M的晶振，主频倍频到了 550M，其他MCU根据实际情况配置主频即可，但是USB的时钟一定要设置为48M

3、修改工程代码并编译

主要是修改usbd_storage_if.c的内容 添加设备的读出 和写入函数 还有表示存储容量的宏定义
笔者这里使用的芯片RAM空间很大，所以使用RAM存储数据。直接吧代码贴出来吧

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : usbd_storage_if.c
  * @version        : v1.0_Cube
  * @brief          : Memory management layer.
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "usbd_storage_if.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN INCLUDE */

/* USER CODE END INCLUDE */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE END PV */

/** @addtogroup STM32_USB_OTG_DEVICE_LIBRARY
  * @brief Usb device.
  * @{
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE
  * @brief Usb mass storage device module
  * @{
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_TypesDefinitions
  * @brief Private types.
  * @{
  */

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_TYPES */
uint8_t usb_buffer[24 * 1024];	//开辟一个24K的存储区
/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_TYPES */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Defines
  * @brief Private defines.
  * @{
  */

#define STORAGE_LUN_NBR                  1
#define STORAGE_BLK_NBR                  24                  //扇区个数
#define STORAGE_BLK_SIZ                  1024               //FLASH_PAGE_SIZE      //扇区大小
#define FLASH_START_ADDR                 usb_buffer  //(FLASH_BASE+(800*1024))    //U盘存储区的起始位置

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_DEFINES */

/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_DEFINES */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Macros
  * @brief Private macros.
  * @{
  */

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_MACRO */

/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_MACRO */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Variables
  * @brief Private variables.
  * @{
  */

/* USER CODE BEGIN INQUIRY_DATA_HS */
/** USB Mass storage Standard Inquiry Data. */
const int8_t STORAGE_Inquirydata_HS[] = {/* 36 */

  /* LUN 0 */
  0x00,
  0x80,
  0x02,
  0x02,
  (STANDARD_INQUIRY_DATA_LEN - 5),
  0x00,
  0x00,
  0x00,
  'S', 'T', 'M', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', /* Manufacturer : 8 bytes */
  'P', 'r', 'o', 'd', 'u', 'c', 't', ' ', /* Product      : 16 Bytes */
  ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ',
  '0', '.', '0' ,'1'                      /* Version      : 4 Bytes */
};
/* USER CODE END INQUIRY_DATA_HS */

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_VARIABLES */

/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_VARIABLES */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Exported_Variables
  * @brief Public variables.
  * @{
  */

extern USBD_HandleTypeDef hUsbDeviceHS;

/* USER CODE BEGIN EXPORTED_VARIABLES */

/* USER CODE END EXPORTED_VARIABLES */

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_FunctionPrototypes
  * @brief Private functions declaration.
  * @{
  */

static int8_t STORAGE_Init_HS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_GetCapacity_HS(uint8_t lun, uint32_t *block_num, uint16_t *block_size);
static int8_t STORAGE_IsReady_HS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_HS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_Read_HS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len);
static int8_t STORAGE_Write_HS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len);
static int8_t STORAGE_GetMaxLun_HS(void);

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_DECLARATION */

/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_DECLARATION */

/**
  * @}
  */

USBD_StorageTypeDef USBD_Storage_Interface_fops_HS =
{
  STORAGE_Init_HS,
  STORAGE_GetCapacity_HS,
  STORAGE_IsReady_HS,
  STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_HS,
  STORAGE_Read_HS,
  STORAGE_Write_HS,
  STORAGE_GetMaxLun_HS,
  (int8_t *)STORAGE_Inquirydata_HS
};

/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/**
  * @brief  Initializes the storage unit (medium).
  * @param  lun: Logical unit number.
  * @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL
  */
int8_t STORAGE_Init_HS(uint8_t lun)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 9 */
  UNUSED(lun);

  return (USBD_OK);
  /* USER CODE END 9 */
}

/**
  * @brief  Returns the medium capacity.
  * @param  lun: Logical unit number.
  * @param  block_num: Number of total block number.
  * @param  block_size: Block size.
  * @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL
  */
int8_t STORAGE_GetCapacity_HS(uint8_t lun, uint32_t *block_num, uint16_t *block_size)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 10 */
  UNUSED(lun);

  *block_num  = STORAGE_BLK_NBR;
  *block_size = STORAGE_BLK_SIZ;
  return (USBD_OK);
  /* USER CODE END 10 */
}

/**
  * @brief   Checks whether the medium is ready.
  * @param  lun:  Logical unit number.
  * @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL
  */
int8_t STORAGE_IsReady_HS(uint8_t lun)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 11 */
  UNUSED(lun);

  return (USBD_OK);
  /* USER CODE END 11 */
}

/**
  * @brief  Checks whether the medium is write protected.
  * @param  lun: Logical unit number.
  * @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL
  */
int8_t STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_HS(uint8_t lun)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 12 */
  return (USBD_OK);
  /* USER CODE END 12 */
}

/**
  * @brief  Reads data from the medium.
  * @param  lun: Logical unit number.
  * @param  buf: data buffer.
  * @param  blk_addr: Logical block address.
  * @param  blk_len: Blocks number.
  * @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL
  */
int8_t STORAGE_Read_HS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 13 */
  UNUSED(lun);
  UNUSED(buf);
  UNUSED(blk_addr);
  UNUSED(blk_len);

  //读U盘函数
  //将(FLASH_START_ADDR + blk_addr * FLASH_PAGE_SIZE)起始地址处的blk_len * FLASH_PAGE_SIZE大小的数据拷贝到buf里面
  memcpy(buf, (uint8_t*)(FLASH_START_ADDR + blk_addr * STORAGE_BLK_SIZ), blk_len * STORAGE_BLK_SIZ);

  return (USBD_OK);
  /* USER CODE END 13 */
}

/**
  * @brief  Writes data into the medium.
  * @param  lun: Logical unit number.
  * @param  buf: data buffer.
  * @param  blk_addr: Logical block address.
  * @param  blk_len: Blocks number.
  * @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL
  */
int8_t STORAGE_Write_HS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 14 */
  UNUSED(lun);
  UNUSED(buf);
  UNUSED(blk_addr);
  UNUSED(blk_len);

  memcpy((uint8_t*)(FLASH_START_ADDR + blk_addr * STORAGE_BLK_SIZ), buf,  blk_len * STORAGE_BLK_SIZ);
  
  return (USBD_OK);
  /* USER CODE END 14 */
}

/**
  * @brief  Returns the Max Supported LUNs.
  * @param  None
  * @retval Lun(s) number.
  */
int8_t STORAGE_GetMaxLun_HS(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 15 */
  return (STORAGE_LUN_NBR - 1);
  /* USER CODE END 15 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_IMPLEMENTATION */

/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_IMPLEMENTATION */

/**
  * @}
  */

/**
  * @}
  */

下载验证

连接电脑之后会提示格式化U盘

注意

明明定义的是24K 为什么会显示只有4K？其实这就要说下FAT文件系统了，在存储数据区域之前还有DBR、FAT0，FAT1、ROOT、等分区占用了了很多一部分的空间。所以如果设置的空间低于24K可能会格式化不成功。