channe状态与读取操作之间的关系

操作	Channel状态	结果
Read	未初始化	阻塞
Read	已初始化且非空有值	读取到正确值
Read	已初始化但为空	所在协程阻塞
Read	关闭状态的	读取到默认值
Read	通道为只写	编译错误
Write	未初始化	所在协程阻塞
Write	已初始化且缓冲未满	值可以被正确写入
Write	已初始化但缓冲已满	此协程阻塞，直到有值被取走
write	通道为只读	编译错误
Close	未初始化的channel	会引发panic
Close	已初始化且缓冲有值	通道关闭，并读取到值，最后读取到默认零值
Close	已初始化且缓冲无值的channel	通道关闭并读取到默认值
Close	关闭一个已经关闭的channel	会引发panic
Close	关闭一个只读的channel	会引发panic
Close	关闭一个只写的channel	通道会正常关闭

package main

import (
	"fmt"
)

func main() {

	test1()  // 1. 读取一个未初始化的channel---->此协程永久阻塞
	test2()  // 2. 读取一个初始化并非空的channel---->正确读到值
	test3()  // 3. 读取一个初始化但为空的channel---->此协程永久阻塞
	test4()  // 4. 读取一个关闭的channel---->默认值，false
	test5()  // 5. 读取一个只写类型的channel---->编译错误
	test6()  // 6. 写入一个未初始化的channel---->此协程永久阻塞
	test7()  // 7. 写入一个初始化且满缓冲的channel---->此协程阻塞，直到有值被取走
	test8()  // 8. 写入一个初始化且缓冲未满的channel---->值可以正常写入
	test9()  // 9. 写入一个关闭的channel---->会引发panic
	test10() // 10. 写入一个只读channel---->编译错误
	test11() // 11. 关闭一个未初始化的channel---->会引发panic
	test12() // 12. 关闭一个初始化且缓冲有值的channel---->通道关闭，且读取到缓冲中的值，直到无值了才读取到默认值
	test13() // 13. 关闭一个初始化且缓冲无值的channel---->通道关闭，读取到的值为默认值。
	test14() // 14. 关闭一个已经关闭了的channle---->会引发panic
	test15() // 15. 关闭一个只读的channel---->会引发panic
	test16() // 16. 关闭一个只写的channel---->正常关闭

}

// 1. 读取一个未初始化的channel---->此协程永久阻塞
func test1() {
	var streamChannel chan int
	fmt.Println("streamChannel is ", streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("read channel: %v", <-streamChannel)

	/*

	streamChannel is  <nil>
	fatal error: all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!

	*/
}

// 2. 读取一个初始化并非空的channel---->正确读到值
func test2() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 1)
	fmt.Println("streamChannel is ", streamChannel)
	streamChannel <- 2
	fmt.Printf("read channel: %v", <-streamChannel)

	/*

	streamChannel is  0xc000034070
	read channel: 2

	*/
}

// 3. 读取一个初始化但为空的channel---->此协程永久阻塞
func test3() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 1)
	fmt.Println("streamChannel is ", streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("read channel: %v", <-streamChannel)
	/*

	streamChannel is  0xc000082000
	fatal error: all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!

	*/

}

// 4. 读取一个关闭的channel---->默认值，false
func test4() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 1)
	close(streamChannel)
	select {
	case value, ok := <-streamChannel:
		fmt.Printf("value:%v  ,  ok: %v", value, ok)
	}

	/*

	value:0  ,  ok: false

	*/

}

// 5. 读取一个只写类型的channel---->编译错误
func test5() {
	//var streamChannel = make(chan <-int,1)
	//var value = <- streamChannel		//直接爆红编译错误
	/*

	invalid operation: <-streamChannel (receive from send-only type chan<- int)

	*/
}

// 6. 写入一个未初始化的channel---->此协程永久阻塞
func test6() {
	var streamChannel chan int
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	streamChannel <- 6
	fmt.Printf("write the end!")
	/*

	streamChannel is <nil> 
	fatal error: all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!

	*/
}

// 7. 写入一个初始化且满缓冲的channel---->此协程阻塞，直到有值被取走
func test7() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 2)
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel:%v\n", streamChannel)
	streamChannel <- 7
	streamChannel <- 77
	streamChannel <- 777

	/*

	fatal error: all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!
	streamChannel:0xc000082000
		
	*/
}

// 8. 写入一个初始化且缓冲未满的channel---->值可以正常写入
func test8() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 3)
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	streamChannel <- 8
	streamChannel <- 88
	fmt.Printf("write the end!")
	/*

	streamChannel is 0xc000082000
	write the end!
	
	*/
}

// 9. 写入一个关闭的channel---->会引发panic
func test9() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 1)
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	close(streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	streamChannel <- 9
	fmt.Printf("write the end!")

	/*

	streamChannel is 0xc000082000
	streamChannel is 0xc000082000
	panic: send on closed channel

	*/

}

// 10. 写入一个只读channel---->编译错误
func test10() {

	//var streamChannel = make(<- chan int,1)
	//fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v",streamChannel)
	//streamChannel <- 10
	//fmt.Printf("write the end!")
	/*

	invalid operation: streamChannel <- 10 (send to receive-only type <-chan int)

	*/
}

// 11. 关闭一个未初始化的channel---->会引发panic
func test11() {
	var streamChannel chan int
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	close(streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("the end!")

	/*

	streamChannel is <nil>
	panic: close of nil channel

	*/
}

// 12. 关闭一个初始化且缓冲有值的channel---->通道关闭，且读取到缓冲中的值，直到无值了才读取到默认值
func test12() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 2)
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	streamChannel <- 12
	streamChannel <- 1212
	close(streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("第一次读取值：%v\n", <-streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("第二次读取值：%v\n", <-streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("第三次读取值：%v\n", <-streamChannel) // 前两次读完之后，通道里面没有值了，再次读取时，就是默认值了
	fmt.Printf("read the end!")

	/*

	streamChannel is 0xc000082000
	第一次读取值：12
	第二次读取值：1212
	第三次读取值：0
	read the end!

	*/
}

// 13. 关闭一个初始化且缓冲无值的channel---->通道关闭，读取到的值为默认值。
func test13() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 2)
	close(streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("第一次读取通道里的值：%v\n", <-streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("第二次读取通道里的值：%v\n", <-streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("第三次读取通道里的值：%v\n", <-streamChannel) // 无论读多少次，读到的都是默认值

	/*

	streamChannel is 0xc000034070
	第一次读取通道里的值：0
	第二次读取通道里的值：0
	第三次读取通道里的值：0

	*/

}

// 14. 关闭一个已经关闭了的channle---->会引发panic
func test14() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan int, 1)
	fmt.Printf("1. streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	close(streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("2. streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	close(streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("3. streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel) // 可以看到"关闭一个已经关闭了的channel会引发panic"

	/*

	1. streamChannel is 0xc000034070
	2. streamChannel is 0xc000034070
    panic: close of closed channel

	*/

}

// 15. 关闭一个只读的channel---->会引发panic
func test15() {
	//var streamChannel = make(<-chan int, 1)
	//fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	//close(streamChannel)// 直接爆红，不允许编译
}

// 16. 关闭一个只写的channel---->正常关闭
func test16() {
	var streamChannel = make(chan<- int, 1)
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	close(streamChannel)
	fmt.Printf("streamChannel is %v\n", streamChannel)
	/*

	streamChannel is 0xc000034070
	streamChannel is 0xc000034070

	*/
}