DataBinding使用详解

      binding框架是一个UI框架，作用帮助开发者快速开发UI。原理是先通过一定的规则写一个XML的布局，Android studio自动生成一个Binding的java类。

      使用Data Binding首先，环境搭建：

      Android 的 Gradle 插件版本不低于 1.5.0-alpha1：

      classpath ‘com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.5.0’

      然后修改对应模块（Module）的 build.gradle的android节点下添加：

       dataBinding {

          enabled = true

      }

      下面举两个例子。先贴图。

例一图

例二图

 

 

 

 

 

 

一，例一

     下面的例子 Gradle版本是3.2.0 如图。

      frag_main.xml 布局文件

      (1)后面Android studio自动生成的类名字叫FramMainBinding.java 他的名字与这个布局文件的命名有直接关系。

      (2)这个布局的基本规则，最外层布局需要用<layout>  </layout>。具体看里面的注释

     （3）<data> <variable  />   </data> 这个里面是用来传递参数进入到布局里面的。到时候自动回在FramMainBinding.java类里面生成一个setPersionEntitiy（）方法。

      <data>
           <variable
              name="person"
              type="one.example.com.myapplication3.db.entity.PersonEntity" />
      </data>

       （4）android:text="@{person.name}" 这里就是引用PersionEntity对象里面的name值。
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/name"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{person.name}"
            android:textSize="16dp" />

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">

    <data>

        <variable
            name="person"
            type="one.example.com.myapplication3.db.entity.PersonEntity" />

    </data>


    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/name"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{person.name}"
            android:textSize="16dp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/age"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{person.age}"
            android:textSize="16dp" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_showName"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="ShowName" />
    </LinearLayout>
</layout>

      这是Android studio自动升生成的FramMainBinding.java

package one.example.com.myapplication3.databinding;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.databinding.Bindable;
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingComponent;
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import androidx.databinding.ViewDataBinding;
import one.example.com.myapplication3.db.entity.PersonEntity;

public abstract class FragMainBinding extends ViewDataBinding {
  @NonNull
  public final TextView age;

  @NonNull
  public final Button btnShowName;

  @NonNull
  public final TextView name;

  @Bindable
  protected PersonEntity mPerson;

  protected FragMainBinding(DataBindingComponent _bindingComponent, View _root,
      int _localFieldCount, TextView age, Button btnShowName, TextView name) {
    super(_bindingComponent, _root, _localFieldCount);
    this.age = age;
    this.btnShowName = btnShowName;
    this.name = name;
  }

  public abstract void setPerson(@Nullable PersonEntity person);

  @Nullable
  public PersonEntity getPerson() {
    return mPerson;
  }

  @NonNull
  public static FragMainBinding inflate(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup root,
      boolean attachToRoot) {
    return inflate(inflater, root, attachToRoot, DataBindingUtil.getDefaultComponent());
  }

  @NonNull
  public static FragMainBinding inflate(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup root,
      boolean attachToRoot, @Nullable DataBindingComponent component) {
    return DataBindingUtil.<FragMainBinding>inflate(inflater, one.example.com.myapplication3.R.layout.frag_main, root, attachToRoot, component);
  }

  @NonNull
  public static FragMainBinding inflate(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater) {
    return inflate(inflater, DataBindingUtil.getDefaultComponent());
  }

  @NonNull
  public static FragMainBinding inflate(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater,
      @Nullable DataBindingComponent component) {
    return DataBindingUtil.<FragMainBinding>inflate(inflater, one.example.com.myapplication3.R.layout.frag_main, null, false, component);
  }

  public static FragMainBinding bind(@NonNull View view) {
    return bind(view, DataBindingUtil.getDefaultComponent());
  }

  public static FragMainBinding bind(@NonNull View view, @Nullable DataBindingComponent component) {
    return (FragMainBinding)bind(component, view, one.example.com.myapplication3.R.layout.frag_main);
  }
}

          以上这个类生成后在这里如下图。

      下面是binding在Fragment里面的使用。FragmentHome.java类

public class FragmentHome extends Fragment {
    FragMainBinding binding;//FragMainBinding这个类自动在frag_main.xml文件创建好后Rebuild project下自动创建好。但是这个frag_main.xml需要按照一定的要求创建。
    View v;

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        binding = DataBindingUtil.inflate(inflater, R.layout.frag_main, container, false);//绑定frag_main.xml文件获取binding对象。
        PersonEntity entity = new PersonEntity("Albert", "24");
        binding.setPerson(entity);//把persion对象传进入
        v = binding.getRoot();
        return v;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        v.findViewById(R.id.btn_showName).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Log.e("FragmentHome", "onClick:  点击button");
            }
        });

    }
}

      PersonEntity.java实体类。

public class PersonEntity implements Serializable {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String age;

    public PersonEntity(String name, String age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

二，例二

      上面是在Fragment里面使用binding而且使用起来比较简单，下面的例子是在Activity里面使用。相对上面来说稍微复杂一定。

     先上activity_list.xml布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">

    <data>

        <variable
            name="personBean"
            type="one.example.com.myapplication3.db.entity.PersonEntity" />

        <variable
            name="titleName"
            type="String" />

        <variable
            name="titleAge"
            type="String" />

    </data>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical">

            <TextView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="上一次的选择：" />

            <LinearLayout
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:orientation="horizontal">

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_marginRight="20dp"
                    android:text="@{titleName}" />

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@{titleAge}" />
            </LinearLayout>
        </LinearLayout>

        <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
            android:id="@+id/recyclerview"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:contentDescription="PersonList"
            app:layoutManager="LinearLayoutManager" />
        //LayoutManager这个值如果不设置就没办法展示数据，在Java代码中设置这个参数也可以
    </LinearLayout>
</layout>

       PersonListAdapter.java适配器

public class PersonListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<PersonListAdapter.PersonViewHolper> {
    private List<? extends IPersonBean> beanList;
    private final IPersonCallBack mClickCallBack;

    public PersonListAdapter(IPersonCallBack clickCallBack) {
        mClickCallBack = clickCallBack;
        setHasStableIds( true );//为了使 url 没变的时候刷新RecyclerView时ImageView 不重新加载
    }

    public void addPersonList(final List<? extends IPersonBean> list) {
        if (beanList == null) {
            beanList = list;
            notifyItemRangeInserted( 0, beanList.size() );
        } else {
            DiffUtil.DiffResult result = DiffUtil.calculateDiff( new DiffUtil.Callback() {
                @Override
                public int getOldListSize() {
                    return beanList.size();
                }

                @Override
                public int getNewListSize() {
                    return list.size();
                }

                @Override
                public boolean areItemsTheSame(int oldItemPosition, int newItemPosition) {
                    return beanList.get( oldItemPosition ).getId() == list.get( newItemPosition ).getId();
                }

                @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
                @Override
                public boolean areContentsTheSame(int oldItemPosition, int newItemPosition) {
                    IPersonBean newProduct = list.get( newItemPosition );
                    IPersonBean oldProduct = beanList.get( oldItemPosition );
                    return newProduct.getId() == oldProduct.getId() && Objects.equals( newProduct.getAge(), oldProduct.getAge() ) && Objects.equals( newProduct.getName(), oldProduct.getName() );
                }
            } );
            beanList = list;
            result.dispatchUpdatesTo( this );
        }
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public PersonViewHolper onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        //person_recyclerview_item.xml绑定到PersonRecyclerviewItemBinding上面
        PersonRecyclerviewItemBinding binding = DataBindingUtil.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()), R.layout.person_recyclerview_item, parent, false );
        binding.setCallback( mClickCallBack );
        return new PersonViewHolper( binding );
    }


    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull PersonViewHolper holder, int position) {
        holder.mBinding.setPersonBean( beanList.get( position ) );
        holder.mBinding.executePendingBindings();
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return beanList == null ? 0 : beanList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return beanList.get( position ).getId();
    }

    static class PersonViewHolper extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        final PersonRecyclerviewItemBinding mBinding;

        public PersonViewHolper(PersonRecyclerviewItemBinding binding) {
            super( binding.getRoot() );
            this.mBinding = binding;
        }
    }
}

      ListActivity.java 这里是dataBinding在Activity的使用代码。

public class ListActivity extends FragmentActivity {
    private String TAG = "ListActivity";
    private ActivityListBinding binding;
    private PersonEntity select;
    private PersonListAdapter adapter;


    @SuppressLint("WrongConstant")
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate( savedInstanceState );
        binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView( this, R.layout.activity_list );
        adapter = new PersonListAdapter( clickCallBack );
        binding.recyclerview.setLayoutManager( new LinearLayoutManager( this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false ) );//这个参数必须设置，或者在xml布局中设置也可以
        binding.recyclerview.setAdapter( adapter );

        if (select == null) {
            select = new PersonEntity( "暂时么有选择", "" );
        }
        addTitle( select );
    }


    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        addData( adapter );//添加数据到ListView里面。放到onCreate里面也可以。
        binding.executePendingBindings();//计算挂起的绑定，更新将表达式绑定到已修改变量的任何视图。
    }

    public void addTitle(PersonEntity select) {
        binding.setTitleName( select.getName() );
        binding.setTitleAge( select.getAge() );
    }



    /**
     * 自己造数据
     *
     * @param adapter
     */
    public void addData(PersonListAdapter adapter) {
        List<PersonEntity> listBean = new ArrayList<>();
        String[] strData = {"AAA", "BBB", "CCC", "DDD", "Jack", "Mary", "Fox", "Albert", "Jason", "FFF", "ggg"};
        for (int j = 0; j < strData.length; j++) {
            PersonEntity personBean = new PersonEntity( strData[j], "" + (21 + j) );
            listBean.add( personBean );
        }
        adapter.addPersonList( listBean );
    }

    IPersonCallBack clickCallBack = new IPersonCallBack() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(IPersonBean person) {
            select = (PersonEntity) person;
            addTitle( select );
            Logs.eprintln( TAG, "点击：" + person.getName() );
        }
    };
}

      PersonEntity.java实体类。

public class PersonEntity implements IPersonBean, Serializable {
    @PrimaryKey
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String age;

    public PersonEntity(String name, String age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}