Android - 从系统中选择图片并显示

准备

集成开发环境：

Android Studio 4.1.1
Build #AI-201.8743.12.41.6953283, built on November 5, 2020
Runtime version: 1.8.0_242-release-1644-b01 amd64
VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM by JetBrains s.r.o
Windows 10 10.0

项目

新建项目，选择 Empty Activity，在配置项目时，我选择的 Minimum SDK 是 API 16: Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean)

app\build.gradle 文件：

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 30
    buildToolsVersion "30.0.3"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example"
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 30
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
}

编辑 src\main\res\layout\activity_main.xml 文件，删除原有的 TextView 元素，新增 ImageView 元素，如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="16dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"
        android:background="#000000"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:srcCompat="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

编辑 com.example.MainActivity 文件：

package com.example;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 1;

    private ImageView imageView;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initView();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
            if (data != null) {
                Uri uri = data.getData();

                Log.d("MainActivity", uri.toString());

                imageView.setImageURI(uri);
            }
        }
    }

    private void initView() {
        imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);

        imageView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // https://developer.android.google.cn/guide/components/intents-filters?hl=zh-cn#Building
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
                // https://developer.android.google.cn/reference/android/provider/MediaStore.Images.Media?hl=zh-cn#EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI
                intent.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "image/*");
                // https://developer.android.google.cn/guide/components/intents-filters?hl=zh-cn#ExampleSend
                if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
                    startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE);
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

运行效果

在安卓虚拟设备上调试应用，ImageView 显示预设的图片：

点击 ImageView，弹出 Select a photo：

选择一张图片并显示：

参考

Android–从本地相册获取图片并显示

Intent 和 Intent 过滤器

构建 Intent

隐式 Intent 示例

Intent.ACTION_PICK

MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI