C进阶
二级指针+结构体
typedef struct {
int age;
char *name;
char **stdname;
}Teacher;
int createTeacher(Teacher **res,int num){
Teacher *T=NULL;
T=(Teacher * )malloc(sizeof(Teacher)*num);
memset(T,0,sizeof(T));
for(int i=0;i<num;i++){
T[i].name=(char *)malloc(60);
if(T[i].name==NULL){
return -1;
}
T[i].stdname=(char **)malloc(sizeof(char*)*3);
for(int k=0;k<3;k++){
T[i].stdname[k]=(char *)malloc(60);
if(T[i].stdname[k]==NULL){
return -1;
}
}
}
for(int i=0;i<num;i++){
printf("\nplease enter name:");
scanf("%s",T[i].name);
printf("\nplease enter age: ");
scanf("%d",&(T[i].age));
printf("\nplease enter std0name:");
scanf("%s",T[i].stdname[0]);
printf("\nplease enter std1name:");
scanf("%s",T[i].stdname[1]);
printf("\nplease enter std2name:");
scanf("%s",T[i].stdname[2]);
}
*res=T;
return 0;
}
void freeTeaher(Teacher * T,int num){
for(int i=0;i<num;i++){
if(T[i].name!=NULL){
free(T[i].name);
T[i].name=NULL;
}
if(T[i].stdname!=NULL){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
if(T[i].stdname[j]!=NULL){
free(T[i].stdname[j]);
T[i].stdname[j]=NULL;
}
}
free(T[i].stdname);
T[i].stdname=NULL;
}
}
free(T);
}
int main(){
Teacher *t=NULL;
int num=1;
int ret=createTeacher(&t,num);
freeTeaher(t,num);
int cc=1;
//73
}
C++进阶
三目运算符
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
namespace Name{
int a=10;
}
int main(){
int a=10;
int b=20;
(a<b? a:b)=30;//c++中表达式返回的是变量本身,c语言中表达式返回的是变量的值
//想当于 10=30;
//C语言中如何实现C++的效果
*(a<b? &a:&b)=30;
}
运算符重载
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Point{
public:
Point(int x,int y){X=x;Y=y;}
~Point(){}
Point & operator ++(); //前置操作
Point operator ++(int); //后置操作
Point & operator --(); //前置操作
Point operator --(int); //后置操作
int GetX(){return X;}
int GetY(){return Y;}
private:
int X,Y;
};
Point& Point::operator ++()
{
X++;
Y++;
return *this;
}
Point Point::operator ++(int)
{
Point temp=*this;
++(*this);
return temp;
}
Point& Point::operator --()
{
X--;
Y--;
return *this;
}
Point Point::operator --(int)
{
Point temp=*this;
--(*this);
return temp;
}
int main()
{
Point A(4,6);
cout<<"A的值为:"<<A.GetX()<<","<<A.GetY()<<endl;
A++;
cout<<"A的值为:"<<A.GetX()<<","<<A.GetY()<<endl;
++A;
cout<<"A的值为:"<<A.GetX()<<","<<A.GetY()<<endl;
A--;
cout<<"A的值为:"<<A.GetX()<<","<<A.GetY()<<endl;
--A;
cout<<"A的值为:"<<A.GetX()<<","<<A.GetY()<<endl;
return 0;
}
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
class Complex{
public:
int a;
int b;
Complex(int a=0,int b=0){
this->a=a;
this->b=b;
}
~Complex (){
cout<<"deconstruct"<<endl;
}
friend Complex operator+ ( Complex & c1 ,Complex & c2);
Complex& operator++(int){
Complex tmp=* this;
this->a++;
this->b++;
return tmp;
}
Complex operator++(){
this->a++;
this->b++;
return * this;
}
friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & out,Complex &c1);
//complex & operator=(Complex &c1);
};
Complex operator+(Complex & c1,Complex & c2){
return Complex (c1.a+c2.a,c1.b+c2.b);
}
ostream & operator<<(ostream & out,Complex & c1){
out<<c1.a<<" "<<c1.b<<endl;
return out;
}
int main(){
Complex c1(1,2);
Complex c2(3,5);
Complex c3=c1+c2;
++c1;
c1++;
cout<<c1<<c2<<endl;
}
MyArray.h
#pragma once
class MyArray
{ public:
MyArray(int length);
~MyArray();
MyArray(const MyArray& obj);
void setDate(int idx,int data);
int getData(int idx);
int getlength() const;
int & operator[](int i);
MyArray& operator=(MyArray & obj);
bool operator==(MyArray &a1);
private:
int m_len;
int* m_data;
};
MyArray.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include "MyArray.h"
MyArray::MyArray(int length) {
m_len = length;
m_data = new int[length];
}
int MyArray::getlength()const {
return m_len;
}
MyArray::MyArray(const MyArray& obj) {
int len = obj.getlength();
m_data = new int[len];
this->m_len = len;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
this->m_data[i] = obj.m_data[i];
}
}
MyArray::~MyArray() {
if (m_data != NULL) {
delete[]m_data;
m_len = 0;
}
}
void MyArray::setDate(int idx, int data) {
m_data[idx] = data;
}
int MyArray::getData(int idx) {
return m_data[idx];
}
int& MyArray::operator[](int i) {
return m_data[i];
}
MyArray& MyArray::operator=(MyArray& obj) {
m_len = obj.m_len;
if (m_data != NULL) {
delete[] m_data;
}
m_data = new int[m_len];
for (int i = 0; i < m_len; i++) {
m_data[i] = obj[i];
}
return *this;
}
bool MyArray::operator==(MyArray& a1) {
if (this->m_len != a1.m_len) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < m_len; i++) {
if (m_data[i] != a1[i]) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
main.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "iostream"
using namespace std;
#include"MyArray.h"
int main() {
MyArray mya(10);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
mya[i] = i;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
cout<<mya[i];
}
MyArray myb = mya;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
cout << myb.getData(i);
}
MyArray a3(10);
a3 = mya;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
cout << a3[i];
}
bool res = (mya == a3);
int cc = 1;
}
MyString类
MyString.cpp
#include "MyString.h"
MyString::MyString() {
m_len = 0;
m_p = new char[m_len + 1];
strcpy(m_p, "");
}
MyString::MyString(int len) {
if (len == 0) {
m_len = 0;
m_p = new char[m_len + 1];
strcpy(m_p, "");
}
else {
m_len = len;
m_p = new char[m_len + 1];
memset(m_p, 0, m_len);
}
}
MyString::MyString(const char* p) {
if (p == NULL) {
m_len = 0;
m_p = new char[m_len + 1];
strcpy(m_p, "");
}
else {
m_len = strlen(p);
m_p = new char[m_len + 1];
strcpy(m_p, p);
}
}
MyString::MyString(const MyString& s) {
m_len = s.m_len;
m_p = new char[m_len + 1];
strcpy(m_p, s.m_p);
}
MyString::~MyString() {
if (m_p != NULL) {
delete[] m_p;
m_p = NULL;
m_len = 0;
}
}
MyString& MyString:: operator=(const MyString& obj) {
if (this->m_p != NULL) {
delete[] m_p;
m_len = 0;
}
m_len = obj.m_len;
m_p = new char[m_len + 1];
strcpy(m_p, obj.m_p);
return *this;
}
MyString& MyString::operator=(const char* p) {
if (this->m_p != NULL) {
delete [] m_p;
m_len = 0;
}
if (p == NULL) {
m_len = 0;
m_p = new char[m_len + 1];
strcpy(m_p, "");
}
else {
m_len = strlen(p);
m_p = new char[m_len+1];
strcpy(m_p, p);
}
return *this;
}
char& MyString::operator[](int idx) {
return m_p[idx];
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, MyString& s) {
out << s.m_p;
return out;
}
bool MyString::operator==(const MyString& obj) {
if (m_len != obj.m_len) {
return false;
}
return !strcmp(m_p, obj.m_p);
}
bool MyString::operator==(const char* p) {
if (p == NULL) {
if (m_len == 0) {
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
if (m_len == strlen(p)) {
return !strcmp(m_p, p);
}
else {
return false;
}
}
}
bool MyString::operator!=(const MyString& obj) {
return !(*this == obj);
}
bool MyString::operator!=(const char* p) {
return !(*this == p);
}
int MyString::operator<(const char* p) const {
return strcmp(this->m_p, p);
}
int MyString::operator<(const MyString& s) const {
return strcmp(this->m_p, s.m_p);
}
int MyString::operator>(const char* p)const {
return strcmp( p,this->m_p);
}
int MyString::operator>(const MyString& s) const {
return strcmp(s.m_p,m_p);
}
istream& operator>>(istream& in, MyString& s) {
cin >> s.m_p;
return in;
}
MyString.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class MyString
{
public:
MyString();
MyString(int len);
MyString(const char* p);
MyString(const MyString& s);
~MyString();
MyString& operator=(const MyString & obj);
MyString& operator=(const char *p);
char& operator[](int idx);
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream & out, MyString & s);
bool operator==(const MyString & obj);
bool operator==(const char* p);
bool operator!=(const MyString& obj);
bool operator!=(const char* p);
int operator<(const char *p) const;
int operator<(const MyString& s) const;
int operator>(const char *p)const;
int operator>(const MyString& s) const;
//把类的指针露出来
char* c_str() {
return m_p;
}
const char* c_str2() {
return m_p;
}
int length() {
return m_len;
}
friend istream& operator>>(istream & in,MyString & s);
private:
int m_len;
char* m_p;
};
main.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"MyString.h"
int main01() {
MyString s1;
MyString s2("s2");
MyString s2_2 = NULL;
MyString s4 = s2;
s4 = s2;
s4 = "2222";
s4[1] = '3';
cout << s4;
int cc = 1;
return 0;
}
int main() {
MyString s1;
MyString s2("s2");
MyString s3=s2;
bool res2 = (s2 == "s2");
bool res = (s2 == s3);
int res1 = (s2 < "bbb");
int res3 = (s2 < s3);
MyString s4 = "123";
strcpy(s4.c_str(), "124");
MyString s6(128);
cin >> s6;
int cc = 1;
}
编写通讯协议
CSocketProtocol.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class CSocketProtocol
{
public:
CSocketProtocol();
virtual int cltSocketInit() = 0;
virtual int clsSocketSend( char* buf, int buflen) = 0;
virtual int cltSocketRev( char* buf, int* buflen) = 0;
virtual int cltSocketDestroy() = 0;
virtual ~CSocketProtocol() { };//虚析构函数的细节
protected:
private:
};
CSocketFactoryImp1.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"CSocketProtocol.h"
class CSocketFactoryImp1:public CSocketProtocol
{
public:
virtual int cltSocketInit() ;
virtual int clsSocketSend(char* buf, int buflen) ;
virtual int cltSocketRev(char* buf, int* buflen) ;
virtual int cltSocketDestroy();
protected:
private:
char* p;
int len;
};
CSocketFactoryImp1.cpp
#include "CSocketFactoryImp1.h"
#include"CSocketProtocol.h"
int CSocketFactoryImp1::cltSocketInit() {
p = NULL;
len = 0;
return 0;
}
int CSocketFactoryImp1::clsSocketSend(char* buf, int buflen) {
p = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char) * buflen);
if (p == NULL) {
return -1;
}
memcpy(p, buf, buflen);
len = buflen;
return 0;
}
int CSocketFactoryImp1::cltSocketRev(char* buf, int* buflen) {
if (buf == NULL || buflen == NULL) {
return -1;
}
*buflen = this->len;
memcpy(buf, this->p, this->len);
return 0;
}
int CSocketFactoryImp1::cltSocketDestroy() {
if (p!= NULL) {
free(p);
p = NULL;
len = 0;
}
return 0;
}
main.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"CSocketProtocol.h"
#include"CSocketFactoryImp1.h"
int SckSendAndRec(CSocketProtocol * sp, char * in,int inlen, char * out,int *outlen) {
int ret = 0;
ret = sp->cltSocketInit();
if (ret != 0) {
goto END;
}
ret = sp->clsSocketSend(in, inlen);
ret = sp->cltSocketRev(out, outlen);
END:
ret = sp->cltSocketDestroy();
return 0;
}
int main() {
int ret = 0;
//sp=new CSckFactoryImpl;
char in[4096];
int inlen;
char out[4096];
int outlen=0;
strcpy((char*)in,"aasdsddfdgfgfhghghg");
strcpy(in,"aaaaaaabbbbaaaaaaaaaa");
inlen = 9;
CSocketProtocol* sp = NULL;
sp = new CSocketFactoryImp1;
ret=SckSendAndRec(sp, in, inlen, out, &outlen);
if (ret!= 0) {
cout << "error" << endl;
return ret;
}
delete sp;
int cc = 1;
}
模板类派生
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
class A {
public:
A(T t) {
this->t = t;
}
T getA() {
return this->t;
}
void printA() {
cout << "t" << this->t << endl;
}
private:
T t;
};
class B :public A<int> {
public:
B(int a, int b1):A<int>(a),b(b1){}
private:
int b;
};
int main() {
A<int> a1(5);
B b(5, 3);
int cc = 1;
cout << "hello" << endl;
return 0;
}
模板类继承模板类
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
class A {
public:
A(T t) {
this->t = t;
}
T getA() {
return this->t;
}
void printA() {
cout << "t" << this->t << endl;
}
private:
T t;
};
class B :public A<int> {
public:
B(int a, int b1):A<int>(a),b(b1){}
private:
int b;
};
template <class T>
class C :public A<T> {
public:
C(T c, T a) :A<T>(a) {
this->c = c;
}
void printC() {
cout << "c:" << c << endl;
}
protected:
T c;
};
int main() {
A<int> a1(5);
B b(5, 3);
C<int> c(3, 5);
c.printC();
int cc = 1;
cout << "hello" << endl;
return 0;
}
单个文件中的类模板
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
class Complex {
public:
Complex(T a, T b);
Complex operator +(Complex& c2);
void printCom();
//<T>可加可不加
friend ostream& operator<<<T>(ostream& out, Complex& c3);
protected:
private:
T a;
T b;
};
template <class T>
Complex<T>::Complex(T a, T b) {
this->a = a;
this->b = b;
}
template <class T>
void Complex<T>::printCom() {
cout << "a:" << a << "b" << b << endl;
}
template <class T>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, Complex<T>& c3) {
out << "a:" << c3.a << "b" << c3.b << endl;
}
template <class T>
Complex<T> Complex<T>::operator +(Complex<T>& c2) {
Complex tmp(a + c2.a, b + c2.b);
return tmp;
}
int main() {
Complex<int> c1(3, 2);
int cc = 1;
return 0;
}
多文件模板类
Complexes.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
class Complexes
{ public:
Complexes(T a, T b);
Complexes operator +(Complexes& c2);
void printCom();
//<T>可加可不加
friend ostream& operator<<<T>(ostream& out, Complexes& c3);
private:
T a;
T b;
};
Complexes.hpp
#include "Complexes.h"
template <class T>
Complexes<T>::Complexes(T a, T b) {
this->a = a;
this->b = b;
}
template <class T>
void Complexes<T>::printCom() {
cout << "a:" <<a << "b" << b << endl;
}
template <class T>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, Complexes<T>& c3) {
out << "a:" << c3.a << "b" << c3.b << endl;
}
template <class T>
Complexes<T> Complexes<T>::operator +(Complexes<T>& c2) {
Complexes tmp(a + c2.a, b + c2.b);
return tmp;
}
main.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"Complexes.hpp";
int main() {
Complexes<int> c1(3, 2);
int cc = 1;
return 0;
}
自定义vector
注意每次先
MyVector.hpp
#include "MyVector.h"
template<class T>
MyVector<T>::MyVector(int size) {
m_space = new T[size];
m_len = size;
}
template<class T>
MyVector<T>::MyVector(const MyVector<T>& obj) {
m_len = obj.m_len;
m_space = new T[m_len];
for (int i = 0; i < m_len; i++) {
m_space[i] = obj.m_space[i];
}
}
template<class T>
MyVector<T>::~MyVector() {
if (m_space != NULL) {
delete[]m_space;
m_space = NULL;
m_len = 0;
}
}
template<class T>
T& MyVector<T>:: operator[](int index) {
return m_space[index];
}
template<class T>
MyVector<T>& MyVector<T> ::operator=(const MyVector<T>& obj) {
if (m_space != NULL) {
delete[] m_space;
m_space = NULL;
m_len = 0;
}
m_len = obj.m_len;
m_space = new T[m_len];
for (int i = 0; i < m_len; i++) {
m_space[i] = obj.m_space[i];
}
return *this;
}
template < class T>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, MyVector<T>& obj) {
for (int i = 0; i < obj.m_len; i++) {
out << obj.m_space[i] << " ";
}
out << endl;
return out;
}
MyVector.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
template < class T>
class MyVector
{ public:
MyVector( int size);
MyVector(const MyVector& obj);
~MyVector();
T& operator[](int index);
MyVector& operator=(const MyVector& obj);
int getlen() {
return m_len;
}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, MyVector& obj);
private:
int* m_space;
int m_len;
protected:
};
main.cpp
#include"MyVector.hpp"
int main() {
int a = 1;
MyVector<int> myv1(10);
for (int i = 0; i < myv1.getlen(); i++) {
myv1[i] = i + 1;
cout << myv1[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
MyVector <int> myv2 = myv1;
for (int i = 0; i < myv2.getlen(); i++) {
myv2[i] = i + 1;
cout << myv2[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout<<myv1;
int cc = 1;
return 0;
}