"Over the course of series, we are going to go from bits,bytes, transistors and logic gates, all the way to Operating Systems, Virtual Reality and Robots! We are going to cover a lot, but just to clear things up: We are NOT going to teach you how to program. Instead, we are going to explore a range of computing topics as a discipline and technology."
- The earlist recognized device for computing was the abacus. The reason for its invention is the scale of the society is larger than what a single person could keep and manipulate in their mind.
- 思想才是最重要的。分析机的“自动计算”的思想,是跨时代的,使现代计算机的雏形。
- 社会的需要推动技术的发展。对人口普查加速的需要,发明了打孔计算机,之后创立了IBM。随着算力的需求提升,机电计算机变得更大。
- Mechanical Relay,机械继电器,控制电路上的线圈,电流->线圈->磁场->吸引金属,控制电路是开还是关。和水龙头一样,只不过他们控制的是电子。
- Bug 的由来:巨大的机电计算器里常常会吸引虫子bug,如果计算机坏了,通常是因为继电器里有个dead bug,所以,叫bug了。
从机电到电子~
- Thermionic valve,热电子管。把两个电极装在一个气密玻璃灯泡里, 其中一个被加热,发射电子,另一个吸引电子。就可以让电子流动啦!二极管
- 但我们需要的是能控制电子流动的开关!能代替继电器的!
- 三极管!就多加了一个电极!就可以控制了!
- 但是真空管太容易坏了。所以我们会进入晶体管的阶段。
- transistor晶体管!半导体了啦~~~类似三极管,只不过是半导体的材料了啦~~
- 就有控制开关了!
- 所以我们还需要电子的“传动装置”。