下面给出DFS算法走迷宫的代码:
#include <stdio.h>
char map[50][51]; //地图上限50*50
int sign[50][50]; //标记
int next[4][2] = { { 0, 1 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, -1 }, { -1, 0 } };
int n, m; //实际地图行数、列数
int endy, endx; //终点位置
int min = 99999999;
/* run this program using the console pauser or add your own getch, system("pause") or input loop */
//构造一个盏来记录走迷宫的路径
struct Node
{
int y;
int x;
};
struct Stack
{
Node * pbase;
int top;
};
void StackInit(Stack * pstack){
pstack->pbase = new Node[100];
pstack->top = 0;
}
void StackPush(Stack * pstack, int y, int x){
Node node;
node.y = y;
node.x = x;
pstack->pbase[pstack->top] = node;
++pstack->top;
}
void StackCopy(Stack * pstack1, Stack * pstack2){
pstack2->top = pstack1->top;
for (int i = 0; i<pstack2->top; i++)
{
pstack2->pbase[i] = pstack1->pbase[i];
}
}
void StackPop(Stack * pstack){
--pstack->top;
}
Stack stack;
Stack minstack;
//深度优先搜索
//最好对已有的步数与min相比,如果说比已有的成功下的话,应该暂停!!!!
void dfs(int y, int x, int step){
int ty, tx;
if (y == endy&&x == endx)
{
if (step<min)
{
StackCopy(&stack, &minstack);
min = step;
}
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i<4; i++)
{
ty = y + next[i][0];
tx = x + next[i][1];
if (ty >= 0 && ty<n&&tx >= 0 && tx<m&&map[ty][tx] != '#'&&sign[ty][tx] == 0)
{
StackPush(&stack, ty, tx);
sign[ty][tx] = 1;
dfs(ty, tx, step + 1);
StackPop(&stack);
sign[ty][tx] = 0;
}
}
return;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
printf("请输入行数和列数:");
scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
printf("请创建地图:\n");
for (int i = 0; i<n; i++)
{
scanf("%s", &map[i]);
}
printf("创建的地图如下:\n");
for (int i = 0; i<n; i++)
{
printf("%s\n", map[i]);
}
printf("请输入起点(y,x):");
int starty, startx;
scanf("%d%d", &starty, &startx);
printf("请输入终点(y,x):");
scanf("%d%d", &endy, &endx);
sign[starty][startx] = 1;
StackInit(&stack);
StackInit(&minstack);
dfs(starty, startx, 0);
printf("最短路程为%d\n", min);
printf("最短路径为:\n");
map[starty][startx] = 's'; //用字符's'表示起点
for (int i = 0; i<minstack.top; i++)
{
map[minstack.pbase[i].y][minstack.pbase[i].x] = '>';
}
for (int i = 0; i<n; i++)
{
printf("%s\n", map[i]);
}
return 0;
}
其中输入input.txt如下:
5 5
.#.#.
.#...
.#.#.
.#.#.
...#.
0 0
4 4
运行的结果截图: