02|单例模式

下面通过代码展示单例的4中实现方式

一、饿汉式

package com.geek.jeep.designpattern.singleton;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 * @author geek
 * 全局唯一类
 * 饿汉式创建
 *
 * 构造函数需要是 private 访问权限的，这样才能避免外部通过 new 创建实例;
 * 考虑对象创建时的线程安全问题;
 * 考虑是否支持延迟加载;
 * 考虑 getInstance() 性能是否高(是否加锁)。
 */
public class IdGenerator {

    private static final IdGenerator instance = new IdGenerator();
    AtomicInteger id = new AtomicInteger(0);
    private IdGenerator() {}

    public static IdGenerator getInstance() {
        return instance;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id.incrementAndGet();
    }

    //使用方式： long id = IdGenerator.getInstance().getId();
}

 

二、懒汉式

package com.geek.jeep.designpattern.singleton;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

/**
 * @author geek
 * 懒汉式：
 *  优势：加上了延时加载
 *  缺点：引入了 synchronized 变成了串行
 */
public class IdGeneratorLazy {

    AtomicLong atomicLong = new AtomicLong(0);

    private static IdGeneratorLazy instance;

    private IdGeneratorLazy() {
    }

    public static synchronized IdGeneratorLazy getInstance() {
        if (null == instance) {
            instance = new IdGeneratorLazy();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return atomicLong.incrementAndGet();
    }
}

 

三、双重检测下的懒汉式

package com.geek.jeep.designpattern.singleton;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

/**
 * @author geek
 * 双重检查的单例
 * 优势：既支持 延迟加载 又解决了高并发问题
 *
 */
public class IdGeneratorDoubleCheck {

    private static volatile IdGeneratorDoubleCheck instance;

    AtomicLong atomicLong = new AtomicLong(0);

    private IdGeneratorDoubleCheck(){}

    public static IdGeneratorDoubleCheck getInstance() {
        if (null == instance) {
            synchronized (IdGeneratorDoubleCheck.class) {
                if (null == instance) {
                    instance = new IdGeneratorDoubleCheck();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return atomicLong.incrementAndGet();
    }
}

四、静态类的方式

 

package com.geek.jeep.designpattern.singleton;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

/**
 * @author geek
 * 静态类的单例
 *
 */
public class IdGeneratorStatic {

    private AtomicLong atomicLong = new AtomicLong(0);

    private IdGeneratorStatic(){}

    private static class SingletonHolder {
        private static final IdGeneratorStatic instance = new IdGeneratorStatic();
    }

    public IdGeneratorStatic getInstance() {
        return SingletonHolder.instance;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return atomicLong.incrementAndGet();
    }
}