拉格朗日插值算法及牛顿插值算法的C++实现

拉格朗日插值法

声明：本算法源自此博客：http://blog.csdn.net/xiaowei_cqu/article/details/8584966

本算法实现了批数据处理的插值实现，为上面网址博客提及的算法改良版（注：上面所述网址博客算法只能实现单个数据的插值，无法实现批数据插值）。

算法代码：

#include <iostream>  
#include <string>  
#include <vector>  
using namespace std;


void Lagrange(int N, int N1, vector<double>&X, vector<double>&Y, vector<double>&xp, vector<double> &result);
int main()
{
	char a = 'n';
	do{
	cout << "请输入所需插值点N的值：" << endl;
	int N;
	int N1;
	cin >> N;
	vector<double>X(N, 0);
	vector<double>Y(N, 0);
	cout << "请输入"<<N<<"个插值点对应的值X[i]：" << endl;
	for (int a = 0; a<N; a++)
	   {
		cin >> X[a];
		if (a >= N)
		break;
	   }
	cout << "请输入" << N << "个插值点对应的函数值Y[i]：" << endl;
	for (int a = 0; a<N; a++)
	   {
		cin >> Y[a];
		if (a >= N)
		break;
	   }
	cout << "请输入所求xp次数N1的值：" << endl;
	cin >> N1;
	vector<double>xp(N1, 0);
	vector<double> result(N1, 0);
	cout << "请输入" << N1 << "个所求向量xp[i]的值：" << endl;
	for (int a = 0; a<N1; a++)
	  {
		cin >> xp[a];
		if (a >= N1)
		break;
	  }
	Lagrange(N, N1, X, Y, xp, result);
	for (int a = 0; a < N1; a++)
	  {
		cout << result[a] << endl;
	  }
	cout << "是否要继续？(y/n)：";
	cin >> a;
	  } while (a == 'y');
	return 0;
}


void Lagrange(int N, int N1,vector<double>&X, vector<double>&Y, vector<double>&xp, vector<double> &result)
{
	double temp1=0;
	for (int h = 0; h < N1; h++)
	   {
		for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
		    {
			double temp = Y[i];
			for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)
	                    {
				if (i != j)
				 {
					temp = temp*(xp[h] - X[j]);
					temp = temp/(X[i] - X[j]);
				 }
			     }
			temp1 += temp;
		    }
		result[h] = temp1;
		temp1 = 0 ;
	   }
}

牛顿插值法：

其公式：

算法流程：

算法代码：

#include<iostream>  
#include<string>  
#include<vector>  
using namespace std;

double ChaShang(int n, vector<double>&X, vector<double>&Y);
void Newton(int n1, vector<double>& xp, vector<double>&X, vector<double>&Y, vector<double> &result);

int main()
{
	char a = 'n';
	do
	{int n,n1;
	cout << "请输入插值点的个数" << endl;
	cin >> n;
	vector<double>X(n, 0);
	vector<double>Y(n, 0);
	
	cout << "请输入插值点X[i]的值" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i<n; i++)
	{
		cin >> X[i] ;
	}
	cout << "请输入插值点Y[i]的值" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i<n; i++)
	{
		cin >> Y[i];
	}
	cout << "请输入所求点的个数" << endl;
	cin >> n1;
	vector<double> xp(n1, 0);
	vector<double> result(n1, 0);
	cout << "请输入所求插值点xp[i]的值：" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i<n1; i++)
	{
		cin >> xp[i];
	}
	Newton(n1,xp, X, Y,result);
	cout << "输出所求插值点的函数值：" << endl;
	for (int h = 0; h < n1; h++)
	{
		cout<< result[h]<<endl;
	}
	cout << "是否要继续？(y/n)：";
	cin >> a;
	} while (a == 'y');
	return 0;
}

double ChaShang(int n, vector<double>&X, vector<double>&Y)
{
	double f = 0;
	double temp = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i<n + 1; i++)
	{
		temp = Y[i];
		for (int j = 0; j<n + 1; j++)
			if (i != j) temp /= (X[i] - X[j]);
		f += temp;
	}
	return f;
}

void Newton(int n1, vector<double>& xp, vector<double>&X, vector<double> &Y, vector<double> &result)
{
	double temp1 = 0;
	for (int h = 0; h < n1; h++)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < X.size(); i++)
		{
			double temp = 1;
			double f = ChaShang(i, X, Y);
			for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
			{
				temp = temp*(xp[h] - X[j]);
			}
			temp1 += f*temp;
		}
		result[h] = temp1;
		temp1 = 0;
	}
}

实验结果：

给定数据值：

所求插值点及结果：

总结：本算法实现的结果与引用博客的算法结果完全一致。