Springcloud-Feign 实现负载均衡

都是客户端负载均衡技术。

Feign  :  面向接口形式

Ribbon  :  面向rest风格

 

Feign 实现负载均衡步骤

实体类模块

导入feign

        <!--        feign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

提供接口访问服务

@FeignClient()  注解 

添加到interface 之后，标识该接口能被客户端访问，用来调用服务端的方法

package com.wang.springcloud.service;


import com.wang.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.util.List;

@Component
@FeignClient("SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-DEPT")
public interface DeptConsumerService {


    //这里是服务端提供的访问路径
    @RequestMapping("/dept/add")
    public boolean add(Dept dept);

    @RequestMapping("/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") int id);


    @RequestMapping("/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll();
}

 客户端模块

pom.xml

导入实体类，eureka，feign 等依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.wang</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>



    <dependencies>
        <!--    实体类-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.wang</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--        eureka配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        ribbon-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>



        <!--        热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

配置文件

server:
  port: 80


eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false  #不像eureka 注册自己
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

 RestTemplate  负载均衡bean注册

package com.wang.springcloud.config;


import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {


    @Bean
    //    配置负载均衡请求  不仅ribbon 使用，feign也会用到
    @LoadBalanced  //Ribbon
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

服务端发送请求的controller

package com.wang.springcloud.controller;


import com.wang.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import com.wang.springcloud.service.DeptConsumerService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;


@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {

    //消费者，不应该有service层
    //RestTemplate

//    面向接口调用服务端服务，接口来自实体类模块
    @Autowired
    private DeptConsumerService deptConsumerService =null;

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean add(Dept dept){
       return this.deptConsumerService.add(dept);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") int id){
        return  this.deptConsumerService.get(id);
    }


    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll(){
       return this.deptConsumerService.queryAll();

    }


}

启动类

 

需要开启eureka 和feign

@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients(basePackageClasses = DeptConsumerService.class)

package com.wang.springcloud;


import com.wang.springcloud.service.DeptConsumerService;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients(basePackageClasses = DeptConsumerService.class)

//@ComponentScan(value = "com.wang.springcloud")
public class DeptConsumerFeign {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumerFeign.class,args);
    }
}

测试

 

问题

404 

This application has no explicit mapping for /error, so you are seeing this as a fallback.

Fri Apr 17 19:57:29 GMT+08:00 2020

There was an unexpected error (type=Internal Server Error, status=500).

status 404 reading DeptConsumerService#queryAll(); content: {"timestamp":1587124649605,"status":404,"error":"Not Found","message":"Not Found","path":"/consumer/dept/list"}

前台通过客户端访问报了这个错误，原因是在api应用中写接口的时候，把url写成客户端的了，应该是服务端的才对。。

package com.wang.springcloud.service;


import com.wang.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.util.List;

@Component
@FeignClient("SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-DEPT")
public interface DeptConsumerService {


    //这里是服务端提供的访问路径
    @RequestMapping("/dept/add")
    public boolean add(Dept dept);

    @RequestMapping("/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") int id);


    @RequestMapping("/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll();
}

 

Load balancer does not have available server for client:

com.netflix.client.ClientException: Load balancer does not have available server for client: SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-DEPT
    at com.netflix.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerContext.getServerFromLoadBalancer(LoadBalancerContext.java:483) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.2.5.jar:2.2.5]
    at com.netflix.loadbalancer.reactive.LoadBalancerCommand$1.call(LoadBalancerCommand.java:184) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.2.5.jar:2.2.5]
    at com.netflix.loadbalancer.reactive.LoadBalancerCommand$1.call(LoadBalancerCommand.java:180) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.2.5.jar:2.2.5]

 

错误的原因：由于之前ribbon  显式使用了RestTemplate 的bean,所以有配置。但是这边其实式隐式使用。还是需要注入的。

package com.wang.springcloud.config;


import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {


    @Bean
    //    配置负载均衡请求  不仅ribbon 使用，feign也会用到
    @LoadBalanced  //Ribbon
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}