目录
1 什么是代理模式(What?)
1.1 代理模式定义
代理模式是一种设计模式,提供了对目标对象额外的访问方式,即通过代理对象访问目标对象,这样可以在不修改原目标对象的前提下,提供额外的功能操作,扩展目标对象的功能。简言之,代理模式就是设置一个中间代理来控制访问原目标对象,以达到增强原对象的功能和简化访问方式。代理模式又分为静态代理和动态代理两种。代理模式UML图如下所示:
1.2 什么是静态代理
需要代理对象和目标对象实现一样的接口,可以在不修改目标对象的前提下扩展目标对象的功能。
1.3 什么是动态代理
动态代理利用Java 反射,动态地在内存中构建代理对象,从而实现对目标对象的代理功能,动态代理又被称为JDK代理或接口代理。
2 为什么需要动态代理(WHY?)
场景:在不侵入原有代码的前提下,给某些对象方法访问前后增加访问日志
3 静态代理实现方式(HOW)
接口类
package com.proxy;
public interface IUserDao {
public void save();
}
目标对象
package com.proxy;
public class UserDao implements IUserDao{
@Override
public void save() {
System.out.println("保存数据");
}
}
静态代理对象:UserDapProxy 需要实现IUserDao接口!
package com.proxy;
public class UserDaoProxy implements IUserDao{
private IUserDao target;
public UserDaoProxy(IUserDao target) {
this.target = target;
}
@Override
public void save() {
System.out.println("开启事务");//扩展了额外功能
target.save();
System.out.println("提交事务");
}
}
测试类
package com.proxy;
import org.junit.Test;
public class StaticUserProxy {
@Test
public void testStaticProxy(){
//目标对象
IUserDao target = new UserDao();
//代理对象
UserDaoProxy proxy = new UserDaoProxy(target);
proxy.save();
}
}
输出结果
开启事务
保存数据
提交事务
4 动态两种不同的实现方式(HOW?)
4.1 JDK动态代理
代理接口
package org.example.dynamicproxy;
/**
* @author LJD
* @date 2022-03-28 8:36 下午
*/
public interface HelloService {
void foo();
}
实现类
package org.example.dynamicproxy;
/**
* @author LJD
* @date 2022-03-28 8:46 下午
*/
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService{
@Override
public void foo() {
System.out.println("foo....bar...");
}
}
代理类
package org.example.dynamicproxy;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
/**
* @author LJD
* @date 2022-03-28 8:48 下午
*/
public class HelloServiceProxy {
private Object target;
public HelloServiceProxy(Object target) {
this.target = target;
}
public Object getProxyInstance(){
Object ret = Proxy.newProxyInstance(target.getClass().getClassLoader(), target.getClass().getInterfaces(), new InvocationHandler() {
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("before");
Object returnVal = method.invoke(target, args);
System.out.println("after");
return returnVal;
}
});
return ret;
}
}
测试类
package org.example.dynamicproxy;
/**
* @author LJD
* @date 2022-03-28 8:47 下午
*/
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
HelloService target = new HelloServiceImpl();
System.out.println(target.getClass());
HelloService proxy = (HelloService) new HelloServiceProxy(target).getProxyInstance();
System.out.println(proxy.getClass());
proxy.foo();
}
}
输出
class org.example.dynamicproxy.HelloServiceImpl
class com.sun.proxy.$Proxy0
before
foo....bar...
after
4.2 CGLIB动态代理
目标接口
package org.example.dynamicproxy.cglib;
/**
* @author LJD
* @date 2022-03-28 9:13 下午
*/
public interface HelloServiceCglib {
Integer bar(int a, int b);
}
目标实现类
package org.example.dynamicproxy.cglib;
/**
* @author LJD
* @date 2022-03-28 9:14 下午
*/
public class HelloServiceCglibImpl implements HelloServiceCglib{
@Override
public Integer bar(int a, int b) {
int ret = a + b;
System.out.println("hello bar, result:" + ret);
return ret;
}
}
代理类
package org.example.dynamicproxy.cglib;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.Enhancer;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/**
* @author LJD
* @date 2022-03-28 9:10 下午
*/
public class HelloServiceCglibProxy implements MethodInterceptor {
private Object target;
public HelloServiceCglibProxy(Object target) {
this.target = target;
}
public Object getProxyInstance(){
Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
enhancer.setSuperclass(target.getClass());
enhancer.setCallback(this);
return enhancer.create();
}
@Override
public Object intercept(Object o, Method method, Object[] objects, MethodProxy methodProxy) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("before...");
Object returnValue = method.invoke(target, objects);
System.out.println("after...");
return returnValue;
}
}
测试类
package org.example.dynamicproxy.cglib;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.Enhancer;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/**
* @author LJD
* @date 2022-03-28 9:10 下午
*/
public class HelloServiceCglibProxy implements MethodInterceptor {
private Object target;
public HelloServiceCglibProxy(Object target) {
this.target = target;
}
public Object getProxyInstance(){
Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
enhancer.setSuperclass(target.getClass());
enhancer.setCallback(this);
return enhancer.create();
}
@Override
public Object intercept(Object o, Method method, Object[] objects, MethodProxy methodProxy) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("before...");
Object returnValue = method.invoke(target, objects);
System.out.println("after...");
return returnValue;
}
}
输出
class org.example.dynamicproxy.cglib.HelloServiceCglibImpl
class org.example.dynamicproxy.cglib.HelloServiceCglibImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$298cda84
before...
hello bar, result:11
after...