TensorFlow 2.0 入门实战笔记（六）Tensorboard可视化

六、 Tensorboard可视化

6.1 数据可视化

tensorboard --logdir logs

Step1:创建日志写入地址，文件夹名为logs

current_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d-%H%M%S")
log_dir = 'logs/' + current_time
summary_writer = tf.summary.create_file_writer(log_dir) 

Step2:喂入监听数据，设置时间戳

        with summary_writer.as_default():
            tf.summary.scalar('train-loss', float(loss_ce), step=epoch) #此处时间戳为epoch
            tf.summary.scalar('test-acc', float(acc), step=epoch)

Step3:打开监听
使用Terminal进入程序文件根目录，输入tensorboard --logdir logs其中logs对应第一步中文件夹名

(base) PS X:\PythonWorkStation\TF> tensorboard --logdir logs
2020-05-06 16:30:31.548573: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:44] Successfully opened dynamic library cudart64_101.dll
Serving TensorBoard on localhost; to expose to the network, use a proxy or pass --bind_all
TensorBoard 2.1.1 at http://localhost:6006/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)

Step4:打开WEB端
浏览器汇总打开上一步中的http://localhost:6006/

Code:

import os

os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = '2'
import datetime
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
from tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, optimizers, Sequential, metrics


def preprocess(x, y):
    x = tf.cast(x, dtype=tf.float32) / 255.
    y = tf.cast(y, dtype=tf.int32)
    return x, y


(x, y), (x_test, y_test) = datasets.fashion_mnist.load_data()
print(x.shape, y.shape)
db_train = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x, y))
db_test = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x_test, y_test))
db_train = db_train.map(preprocess).shuffle(buffer_size=10000).batch(batch_size=128)
db_test = db_test.map(preprocess).shuffle(buffer_size=10000).batch(batch_size=128)

# db_iter = iter(db_train)
# sample = next(db_iter)
# print("batch:", sample[0].shape, sample[1].shape)

model = Sequential([
    layers.Dense(256, activation=tf.nn.relu),  # [b, 784] => [b, 256]
    layers.Dense(128, activation=tf.nn.relu),  # [b, 256] => [b, 128]
    layers.Dense(64, activation=tf.nn.relu),  # [b, 128] => [b, 64]
    layers.Dense(32, activation=tf.nn.relu),  # [b, 64] => [b, 32]
    layers.Dense(10)  # [b, 32] => [b, 10], 330 = 32*10 + 10
])
model.build(input_shape=[None, 28 * 28])
model.summary()
# w = w - lr*grad
optimizer = optimizers.Adam(lr=1e-3)

# tensorboard可视化 Step1 build summary------------------------------
current_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d-%H%M%S")
log_dir = 'logs/' + current_time
summary_writer = tf.summary.create_file_writer(log_dir)
# tensorboard可视化 Step1 build summary------------------------------

def main():
    for epoch in range(30):

        for step, (x, y) in enumerate(db_train):
            # x: [b, 28, 28] => [b, 784]
            # y: [b]
            x = tf.reshape(x, [-1, 28 * 28])

            with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
                # [b, 784] => [b, 10]
                logits = model(x)
                y_onehot = tf.one_hot(y, depth=10)
                loss_mse = tf.reduce_mean(tf.losses.MSE(y_onehot, logits))
                loss_ce = tf.reduce_mean(tf.losses.categorical_crossentropy(y_onehot, logits, from_logits=True))
            grads = tape.gradient(loss_ce, model.trainable_variables)
            optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(grads, model.trainable_variables))
            if step % 100 == 0:
                print(epoch, step, 'loss:', float(loss_ce), float(loss_mse))

                # test
        total_correct = 0
        total_num = 0

        for x, y in db_test:
            # x: [b, 28, 28] => [b, 784]
            # y: [b]
            x = tf.reshape(x, [-1, 28 * 28])
            # [b, 10]
            logits = model(x)
            # logits => prob, [b, 10]
            prob = tf.nn.softmax(logits, axis=1)
            # [b, 10] => [b], int64
            pred = tf.argmax(prob, axis=1)
            pred = tf.cast(pred, dtype=tf.int32)
            # pred:[b]
            # y: [b]
            # correct: [b], True: equal, False: not equal
            correct = tf.equal(pred, y)
            correct = tf.reduce_sum(tf.cast(correct, dtype=tf.int32))

            total_correct += int(correct)
            total_num += x.shape[0]

        acc = total_correct / total_num
        print(epoch, 'test acc:', acc)

        # tensorboard可视化 Step2 fed scalar------------------------------
        with summary_writer.as_default():
            tf.summary.scalar('train-loss', float(loss_ce), step=epoch)
            tf.summary.scalar('test-acc', float(acc), step=epoch)
		# tensorboard可视化 Step2 fed scalar------------------------------

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

6.2 图片可视化

1.单张图

# get xfrom(x,y)
sample_img=next(iter(db))[0]
# get first image instance sample_img=sample_img[0]
sample_img=tf. reshape(sample_img,[1,28,28,1])
with summary_writer. as_default(): 
	tf. summary. image("Training sample:", sample_img, step=0)

2.多张图

val_images=x[:25]
val_images=tf. reshape(val_images,[-1,28,28,1])
with summary_writer. as_default(): 
	tf. summary. image("val-onebyone-images:", val_images, max_outputs=25, step=step)

3.优化显示的多张图

val_images=tf. reshape(val_images,[-1,28,28])
figure =image_grid(val_images)
tf. summary. image("val-images:', plot_to_image(figure), step=step)

其中调用的方法：

from    matplotlib import pyplot as plt

def plot_to_image(figure):
  """Converts the matplotlib plot specified by 'figure' to a PNG image and
  returns it. The supplied figure is closed and inaccessible after this call."""
  # Save the plot to a PNG in memory.
  buf = io.BytesIO()
  plt.savefig(buf, format='png')
  # Closing the figure prevents it from being displayed directly inside
  # the notebook.
  plt.close(figure)
  buf.seek(0)
  # Convert PNG buffer to TF image
  image = tf.image.decode_png(buf.getvalue(), channels=4)
  # Add the batch dimension
  image = tf.expand_dims(image, 0)
  return image

def image_grid(images):
  """Return a 5x5 grid of the MNIST images as a matplotlib figure."""
  # Create a figure to contain the plot.
  figure = plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
  for i in range(25):
    # Start next subplot.
    plt.subplot(5, 5, i + 1, title='name')
    plt.xticks([])
    plt.yticks([])
    plt.grid(False)
    plt.imshow(images[i], cmap=plt.cm.binary)