StringBuffer 源码分析
StringBuffer
类是 Java 中提供的一个用于创建可变字符串的类。与 String
类不同,StringBuffer
类中的字符串可以被修改,并且是线程安全的。以下是对 StringBuffer
类的源码进行详细分析。
1. 基本结构
public final class StringBuffer extends AbstractStringBuilder implements java.io.Serializable, CharSequence {
static final long serialVersionUID = 3388685877147921107L;
public StringBuffer() {
super(16);
}
public StringBuffer(int capacity) {
super(capacity);
}
public StringBuffer(String str) {
super(str.length() + 16);
append(str);
}
public StringBuffer(CharSequence seq) {
this(seq.length() + 16);
append(seq);
}
@Override
public synchronized int length() {
return count;
}
@Override
public synchronized int capacity() {
return value.length;
}
@Override
public synchronized void ensureCapacity(int minimumCapacity) {
super.ensureCapacity(minimumCapacity);
}
@Override
public synchronized void trimToSize() {
super.trimToSize();
}
@Override
public synchronized void setLength(int newLength) {
super.setLength(newLength);
}
@Override
public synchronized char charAt(int index) {
return super.charAt(index);
}
@Override
public synchronized int codePointAt(int index) {
return super.codePointAt(index);
}
@Override
public synchronized int codePointBefore(int index) {
return super.codePointBefore(index);
}
@Override
public synchronized int codePointCount(int beginIndex, int endIndex) {
return super.codePointCount(beginIndex, endIndex);
}
@Override
public synchronized int offsetByCodePoints(int index, int codePointOffset) {
return super.offsetByCodePoints(index, codePointOffset);
}
@Override
public synchronized void getChars(int srcBegin, int srcEnd, char[] dst, int dstBegin) {
super.getChars(srcBegin, srcEnd, dst, dstBegin);
}
@Override
public synchronized void setCharAt(int index, char ch) {
super.setCharAt(index, ch);
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(Object obj) {
super.append(String.valueOf(obj));
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(String str) {
super.append(str);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(StringBuffer sb) {
super.append(sb);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(CharSequence s) {
super.append(s);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(CharSequence s, int start, int end) {
super.append(s, start, end);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(char[] str) {
super.append(str);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(char[] str, int offset, int len) {
super.append(str, offset, len);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(boolean b) {
super.append(b);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(char c) {
super.append(c);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(int i) {
super.append(i);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(long lng) {
super.append(lng);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(float f) {
super.append(f);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(double d) {
super.append(d);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer delete(int start, int end) {
super.delete(start, end);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer deleteCharAt(int index) {
super.deleteCharAt(index);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer replace(int start, int end, String str) {
super.replace(start, end, str);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized String substring(int start) {
return super.substring(start);
}
@Override
public synchronized CharSequence subSequence(int start, int end) {
return super.subSequence(start, end);
}
@Override
public synchronized String substring(int start, int end) {
return super.substring(start, end);
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int index, char[] str, int offset, int len) {
super.insert(index, str, offset, len);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, Object obj) {
super.insert(offset, String.valueOf(obj));
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, String str) {
super.insert(offset, str);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, char[] str) {
super.insert(offset, str);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int dstOffset, CharSequence s) {
super.insert(dstOffset, s);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int dstOffset, CharSequence s, int start, int end) {
super.insert(dstOffset, s, start, end);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, boolean b) {
super.insert(offset, b);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, char c) {
super.insert(offset, c);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, int i) {
super.insert(offset, i);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, long l) {
super.insert(offset, l);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, float f) {
super.insert(offset, f);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer insert(int offset, double d) {
super.insert(offset, d);
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized int indexOf(String str) {
return super.indexOf(str);
}
@Override
public synchronized int indexOf(String str, int fromIndex) {
return super.indexOf(str, fromIndex);
}
@Override
public synchronized int lastIndexOf(String str) {
return super.lastIndexOf(str);
}
@Override
public synchronized int lastIndexOf(String str, int fromIndex) {
return super.lastIndexOf(str, fromIndex);
}
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer reverse() {
super.reverse();
return this;
}
@Override
public synchronized String toString() {
return new String(value, 0, count);
}
}
2. 主要特点
- 继承关系:
StringBuffer
继承自AbstractStringBuilder
,实现了Serializable
和CharSequence
接口。 - 线程安全:通过在大部分方法上使用
synchronized
关键字来确保线程安全性。 - 容量管理:构造方法提供了初始化容量的设置,内部通过
ensureCapacity
方法来动态扩展容量。
3. 常用方法
-
构造函数:
StringBuffer()
: 默认容量为 16。StringBuffer(int capacity)
: 指定容量。StringBuffer(String str)
: 以指定字符串初始化,并额外增加 16 的容量。StringBuffer(CharSequence seq)
: 以指定字符序列初始化,并额外增加 16 的容量。
-
长度和容量:
length()
: 返回当前字符串长度。capacity()
: 返回当前容量。ensureCapacity(int minimumCapacity)
: 确保容量至少为minimumCapacity
。trimToSize()
: 将容量调整为当前字符串的长度。
-
字符操作:
charAt(int index)
: 返回指定位置的字符。setCharAt(int index, char ch)
: 设置指定位置的字符。getChars(int srcBegin, int srcEnd, char[] dst, int dstBegin)
: 将字符串的一部分复制到字符数组中。
-
追加和插入:
append(Object obj)
: 追加对象的字符串表示。append(String str)
: 追加字符串。append(CharSequence s)
: 追加字符序列。insert(int offset, Object obj)
: 在指定位置插入对象的字符串表示。insert(int offset, String str)
: 在指定位置插入字符串。insert(int dstOffset, CharSequence s)
: 在指定位置插入字符序列。
-
删除和替换:
delete(int start, int end)
: 删除指定范围的