AsyncHttpClient 用法

AsyncHttpClient 是一个非阻塞的 HTTP 客户端库，用于 Java 和 Android 平台。它允许你异步地发送 HTTP 请求，这对于提高应用程序性能和响应性非常有用。以下是使用 AsyncHttpClient 的一些基本示例。

1. 添加依赖

对于 Maven，你可以在 pom.xml 文件中添加如下依赖：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.asynchttpclient</groupId>
  <artifactId>async-http-client</artifactId>
  <version>2.12.3</version>
</dependency>

对于 Gradle，你可以在 build.gradle 文件中添加如下依赖：

implementation 'org.asynchttpclient:async-http-client:2.12.3'

2. 创建 AsyncHttpClient 实例

import org.asynchttpclient.AsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.DefaultAsyncHttpClient;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    AsyncHttpClient client = new DefaultAsyncHttpClient();
  }
}

3. 发送 GET 请求

import org.asynchttpclient.AsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.DefaultAsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.ListenableFuture;
import org.asynchttpclient.Response;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
    try (AsyncHttpClient client = new DefaultAsyncHttpClient()) {
      ListenableFuture<Response> future = client.prepareGet("https://api.example.com/data")
        .addHeader("accept", "application/json")
        .execute();

      Response response = future.get(); // 阻塞直到响应返回
      System.out.println(response.getStatusCode()); // 打印状态码
      System.out.println(response.getResponseBody()); // 打印响应体
    }
  }
}

4. 发送 POST 请求

import org.asynchttpclient.AsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.DefaultAsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.ListenableFuture;
import org.asynchttpclient.Response;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
    try (AsyncHttpClient client = new DefaultAsyncHttpClient()) {
      ListenableFuture<Response> future = client.preparePost("https://api.example.com/data")
        .addHeader("content-type", "application/json")
        .setBody("{ \"key\": \"value\" }")
        .execute();

      Response response = future.get();
      System.out.println(response.getStatusCode());
      System.out.println(response.getResponseBody());
    }
  }
}

5. 使用回调处理异步响应

import org.asynchttpclient.AsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.DefaultAsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.Response;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try (AsyncHttpClient client = new DefaultAsyncHttpClient()) {
      client.prepareGet("https://api.example.com/data")
        .addHeader("accept", "application/json")
        .execute(new AsyncCompletionHandler<Void>() {
          @Override
          public Void onCompleted(Response response) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("Status Code: " + response.getStatusCode());
            System.out.println("Response Body: " + response.getResponseBody());
            return null;
          }

          @Override
          public void onError(Throwable t) {
            System.err.println("Error: " + t.getMessage());
          }
        });
    }
  }
}

6. 使用 CompletableFuture 处理异步响应

从 AsyncHttpClient 2.7.0 版本开始，你可以使用 CompletableFuture 来处理异步响应，这使得异步编程更加简洁。

import org.asynchttpclient.AsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.DefaultAsyncHttpClient;
import org.asynchttpclient.Response;

import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try (AsyncHttpClient client = new DefaultAsyncHttpClient()) {
      CompletableFuture<Response> future = client.prepareGet("https://api.example.com/data")
        .addHeader("accept", "application/json")
        .execute();

      future.thenAccept(response -> {
        System.out.println("Status Code: " + response.getStatusCode());
        System.out.println("Response Body: " + response.getResponseBody());
      }).exceptionally(ex -> {
        System.err.println("Error: " + ex.getMessage());
        return null;
      });
    }
  }
}

这些示例演示了如何使用 AsyncHttpClient 发送 GET 和 POST 请求，并处理响应。你可以根据实际需求调整这些代码。AsyncHttpClient 还提供了许多高级功能，如 SSL/TLS 支持、代理配置、请求重试等，你可以查阅官方文档了解更多详细信息。