Java学习之网络和线程

对于java的网络编程以及线程，我用一个例子来记录：
简单的聊天程序实现：
服务端代码：

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
public class ChatServer {
    ArrayList clientOutputStreams;

    public class ClientHandler implements Runnable
    {
        BufferedReader reader;//使用BufferedReader不用数据串流来自文件或者Socket
        Socket sock;
        public ClientHandler(Socket clientSocket)
        {
            try {
                sock = clientSocket;
                InputStreamReader isReader = new InputStreamReader(sock.getInputStream());
                reader = new BufferedReader(isReader);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        public void run() {
            String message;
            try {
                while ((message = reader.readLine()) != null)
                {
                    System.out.println("read "+message);
                    tellEveryone(message);

                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
            new ChatServer().go();
        }
    public void go(){
        clientOutputStreams = new ArrayList();

        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(5000);

            while (true) {
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
            PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
            clientOutputStreams.add(writer);

            Thread t = new Thread(new ClientHandler(clientSocket));
            t.start();
            System.out.println("got a connection");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public void tellEveryone(String message){
        Iterator it = clientOutputStreams.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            try {
                PrintWriter writer = (PrintWriter)it.next();
                writer.println(message);
                writer.flush();  
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    }
}

客户端代码：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
import javax.swing.*;

public class SimpleChartClient {
    JTextArea incoming;
    JTextField outgoing;
    BufferedReader reader;
    PrintWriter writer;
    Socket socket;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SimpleChartClient client = new SimpleChartClient();
        client.go();
    }
    public void go()
    {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("简单的聊天客户端！");
        JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel();
        incoming = new JTextArea(15,50);
        incoming.setLineWrap(true);
        incoming.setWrapStyleWord(true);
        incoming.setEditable(false);

        JScrollPane qScroller = new JScrollPane(incoming);
        qScroller.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
        qScroller.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER);
        outgoing = new JPasswordField(20);
        JButton sendBtn = new JButton("发送");
        sendBtn.addActionListener(new SenderBtnListener());

        mainPanel.add(qScroller);
        mainPanel.add(outgoing);
        mainPanel.add(sendBtn);
        setUpNetWorking();

        Thread readerThread = new Thread(new IncomingReader());
        readerThread.start();

        frame.getContentPane().add(BorderLayout.CENTER,mainPanel);
        frame.setSize(400,500);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
    public void setUpNetWorking()
    {
        try {
            socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",5000);
            InputStreamReader streamReader = new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream());
            reader = new BufferedReader(streamReader);
            writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
            System.out.println("NetWorking established!");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public class SenderBtnListener implements ActionListener
    {

        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            try {
                writer.println(outgoing.getText());
                writer.flush();
            } catch (Exception exception) {
                exception.printStackTrace();
            }
            outgoing.setText("");
            outgoing.requestFocus();

        }

    }

    public class IncomingReader implements Runnable
    {

        public void run() {
            String message;
            try {
                while ((message = reader.readLine())!=null) 
                {
                    System.out.println("read "+message);
                    incoming.append(message+"\n");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}

线程的执行流程

1.建立Runnable对象（线程的任务）

Runnable threadJob = new MyRunnable();

实现接口Runnable中的抽象方法run()，执行run方法就是执行线程的任务。

2.建立Thread对象（执行工人）并赋值Runnable（任务）

Thread myThread = new Thread(threadJob);

把Runnable对象传给Thread构造方法。

3.启动线程（Thread）

myThread.start();

调用Thread的start()方法之前线程什么也不会做，线程启动后会把Runnable对象的方法放到执行空间里。