pytorch实现resnet18(34,101,152)、vgg16对cifar10进行分类

1、pytorch简介

      pytorch是由facebook所开源的深度学习框架，其框架重于强调于动态流图建立，其不同于google的tensorflow其静态Graph概念，其各有千秋。tensorflow更多贡献于distribution sysytem，企业分布式训练体系架构非常适合。pytorch是后来居上，其构造的框架API也在不断改善，但是pytorch对于类的构造、继承等发挥淋漓尽致，方便程序员、学者非常容易构建训练模型和动态Gragh。TensorflowGPU训练会先占用训练GPU上的剩余空间，即使它未发生使用，这也是资源浪费行为，在于Torch而是实际使用显存占位，这样使用实际有利于共享资源的深度学习爱好者或是其他学习者----这也可能是pytorch在高校、公司实验室受欢迎的原因之一。

2、数据与数据预处理

     原来的Carf10是来自Imagenet的10个分类，而且其数据进行压缩至32*32的像素，一般用于算法高校性的测试和处理。这里我使用的AlexNet、VGG、Resnet18、Resnet34、Resnet101、Resnet152进行处理训练，所以前期需要进行数据的与处理：

transform = transforms.Compose([transforms.Resize((240,240)),
transforms.RandomCrop((224,224)),transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Normalize([0.485,0.456,0.406],[0.229,0.224,0.225])])
#First parameter: Resize the size of Image 
#Second : RandomCrop is to increase Data Augment
#Third : ToTensor means it convert the type of numpy data into the tensor of pytorch 
# Forth: Normalize Data

      数据提取自己封装了一个数据提取的类：

class GetTestData():
    def __init__(self, loadfile , batch_size , num_work ,trainform,mode='carf10'):
        self.load_files = loadfile
        self.batch_size = batch_size
        self.num_work = num_work   # using multi-thread methods to read Datasets
        self.mode = mode           # tags that decide to choose different dataset
        self.transform =trainform  
        ##    
        ##
    def GetRawData(self,index=1):
        if self.mode == 'carf10' :
            train_data = datasets.CIFAR10(self.load_files,train=True,transform=self.transform.ToTensor())
            test_data = datasets.CIFAR10(self.load_files,train=False,transform=self.transform.ToTensor())
        elif self.mode == 'minist':
            train_data = datasets.MNIST(self.load_files,train=True,transform=self.transform.ToTensor())
            test_data = datasets.MNIST(self.load_files,train=False,transform=self.transform.ToTensor())
        else :
            train_data = datasets.FashionMNIST(self.load_files,train=True,transform=self.transform.ToTensor())
            test_data = datasets.FashionMNIST(self.load_files,train=False,transform=self.transform.ToTensor())
        if index == 1:
            train_dataset = Subset(train_data,train_index)
            valid_dataset = Subset(train_data,valid_index)
            train_loader = DataLoader(train_data,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=True,num_workers=self.num_work)
            valid_loader = DataLoader(valid_dataset,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=False,num_workers=self.num_work)
            test_loader = DataLoader(test_data,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=False,num_workers=self.num_work)
            return train_loader , valid_loader , test_loader
        else :
            train_loader = DataLoader(train_data,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=True,num_workers=self.num_work)
            test_loader = DataLoader(test_data,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=False,num_workers=self.num_work)
            return train_loader , test_loader
    def GetResize(self,index = 1):
        if self.mode == 'carf10' :
            train_data = datasets.CIFAR10(self.load_files,train=True,transform=self.transform)
            test_data = datasets.CIFAR10(self.load_files,train=False,transform=self.transform)
        elif self.mode == 'minist':
            train_data = datasets.MNIST(self.load_files,train=True,transform=self.transform)
            test_data = datasets.MNIST(self.load_files,train=False,transform=self.transform )
        else :
            train_data = datasets.FashionMNIST(self.load_files,train=True,transform=self.transform )
            test_data = datasets.FashionMNIST(self.load_files,train=False,transform=self.transform)
        if index == 1:
            train_dataset = Subset(train_data,train_index)
            valid_dataset = Subset(train_data,valid_index)
            train_loader = DataLoader(train_data,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=True,num_workers=self.num_work)
            valid_loader = DataLoader(valid_dataset,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=False,num_workers=self.num_work)
            test_loader = DataLoader(test_data,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=False,num_workers=self.num_work)
            return train_loader , valid_loader , test_loader
        else :
            train_loader = DataLoader(train_data,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=True,num_workers=self.num_work)
            test_loader = DataLoader(test_data,batch_size=self.batch_size,shuffle=False,num_workers=self.num_work)
            return train_loader , test_loader

这里我之前作数据处理是发生了一个常见的错误“

ERROR Warning  TypeError: tensor is not a torch image.
# 这里我是把tensor放在Normaliztion后面，提示出错，只需要将其改在Normalization前面，这是API先将其转换为tensor再进行减去RGB均值

”

3、网络结构实现

可以清晰看到resnet18、34、50、101、152的不同结构，这样我设计两个部分用于调用：

##### resnet 18 34
#[2,2,2,2]
class BasicBlock(nn.Module):
    expansion = 1

    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride=1, downsample=None):
        super(BasicBlock, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = conv3x3(inplanes, planes, stride)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.conv2 = conv3x3(planes, planes)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
        self.downsample = downsample
        self.stride = stride

    def forward(self, x):
        residual = x

        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.bn1(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv2(out)
        out = self.bn2(out)

        if self.downsample is not None:
            residual = self.downsample(x)

        out += residual
        out = self.relu(out)

        return out


class ResNet(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, block, layers, num_classes, grayscale=False):
        self.inplanes = 64
        if grayscale:
            in_dim = 1
        else:
            in_dim = 3
        super(ResNet, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_dim, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3,
                               bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(64)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
        self.layer1 = self._make_layer(block, 64, layers[0])
        self.layer2 = self._make_layer(block, 128, layers[1], stride=2)
        self.layer3 = self._make_layer(block, 256, layers[2], stride=2)
        self.layer4 = self._make_layer(block, 512, layers[3], stride=2)
        self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(7, stride=1)
        self.fc = nn.Linear(512 * block.expansion, num_classes)

        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
                n = m.kernel_size[0] * m.kernel_size[1] * m.out_channels
                m.weight.data.normal_(0, (2. / n)**.5)
            elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
                m.weight.data.fill_(1)
                m.bias.data.zero_()

    def _make_layer(self, block, planes, blocks, stride=1):
        downsample = None
        if stride != 1 or self.inplanes != planes * block.expansion:
            downsample = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Conv2d(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion,
                          kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False),
                nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * block.expansion),
            )

        layers = []
        layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, stride, downsample))
        self.inplanes = planes * block.expansion
        for i in range(1, blocks):
            layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes))

        return nn.Sequential(*layers)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.conv1(x)
        x = self.bn1(x)
        x = self.relu(x)
        x = self.maxpool(x)

        x = self.layer1(x)
        x = self.layer2(x)
        x = self.layer3(x)
        x = self.layer4(x)
        
        x = self.avgpool(x)
        x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
        logits = self.fc(x)
        probas = F.softmax(logits, dim=1)
        return logits, probas

def conv3x3(inplane , outplane, stride=1):
    return nn.Conv2d(inplane,outplane,kernel_size=3,stride=stride,padding=1)
## ZhiwenXiao
class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
    expansion = 4

    def __init__(self, inplanes, planes, stride=1, downsample=None):
        super(Bottleneck, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(inplanes, planes, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(planes, planes, kernel_size=3, stride=stride,
                               padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes)
        self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(planes, planes * 4, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
        self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * 4)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.downsample = downsample
        self.stride = stride

    def forward(self, x):
        residual = x

        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.bn1(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv2(out)
        out = self.bn2(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv3(out)
        out = self.bn3(out)

        if self.downsample is not None:
            residual = self.downsample(x)

        out += residual
        out = self.relu(out)

        return out




class ResNet101(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, block, layers, num_classes, grayscale):
        self.inplanes = 64
        if grayscale:
            in_dim = 1
        else:
            in_dim = 3
        super(ResNet101, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_dim, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3,
                               bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(64)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
        self.layer1 = self._make_layer(block, 64, layers[0])
        self.layer2 = self._make_layer(block, 128, layers[1], stride=2)
        self.layer3 = self._make_layer(block, 256, layers[2], stride=2)
        self.layer4 = self._make_layer(block, 512, layers[3], stride=2)
        self.avgpool = nn.AvgPool2d(7, stride=1, padding=0)
        #self.fc = nn.Linear(2048 * block.expansion, num_classes)
        self.fc = nn.Linear(2048, num_classes)

        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
                n = m.kernel_size[0] * m.kernel_size[1] * m.out_channels
                m.weight.data.normal_(0, (2. / n)**.5)
            elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
                m.weight.data.fill_(1)
                m.bias.data.zero_()

    def _make_layer(self, block, planes, blocks, stride=1):
        downsample = None
        if stride != 1 or self.inplanes != planes * block.expansion:
            downsample = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Conv2d(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion,
                          kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False),
                nn.BatchNorm2d(planes * block.expansion),
            )

        layers = []
        layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes, stride, downsample))
        self.inplanes = planes * block.expansion
        for i in range(1, blocks):
            layers.append(block(self.inplanes, planes))

        return nn.Sequential(*layers)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.conv1(x)
        x = self.bn1(x)
        x = self.relu(x)
        x = self.maxpool(x)

        x = self.layer1(x)
        x = self.layer2(x)
        x = self.layer3(x)
        x = self.layer4(x)
        x = self.avgpool(x)
        x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
        logits = self.fc(x)
        probas = F.softmax(logits, dim=1)
        return logits, probas

    VGG16结构网络为：

 

class VGG16(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,num_classes,grayscale=False):
        dim = None
        if grayscale==True:
            dim = 1
        else :
            dim = 3

        super(VGG16,self).__init__()
        self.vgg_bone = nn.Sequential(
          nn.Conv2d(dim,64,kernel_size=3,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.Conv2d(64,64,kernel_size=3,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2,stride=2,padding=0),
          nn.Conv2d(64,128,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.Conv2d(128,128,kernel_size=3, padding=1 ),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2,stride=2,padding=0),
          nn.Conv2d(128,256,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.Conv2d(256,256,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.Conv2d(256,256,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2,stride=2,padding=0),
          nn.Conv2d(256,512,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.Conv2d(512,512,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.Conv2d(512,512,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2,stride=2,padding=0),
          nn.Conv2d(512,512,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.Conv2d(512,512,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.Conv2d(512,512,kernel_size=3,stride=1,padding=1),
          nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
          nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2,stride=2,padding=0),
        )
        self.vgg_logit = nn.Sequential(
        nn.Linear(7*7*512,4096),
        nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
        nn.Dropout(p=0.5),
        nn.Linear(4096,4096),
        nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
        nn.Dropout(p=0.5),
        nn.Linear(4096,num_classes),
        )
        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m ,nn.Conv2d ):
                m.weight.detach().normal_(0,0.05)
                if m.bias is not None :
                    m.bias.data.detach().zero_()
            elif isinstance(m,nn.Linear):
                m.weight.detach().normal_(0,0.05)
                m.bias.detach().detach().zero_()
    def forward(self,x):
        x =self.vgg_bone(x)
        x =x.view(x.size(0),-1)
        logit  = self.vgg_logit(x)
        prob = F.softmax(logit)
        return  logit,prob

4、训练与对比

      训练参数较大，设置的迭代的epoch设置的不是特别大

                                                                                                        当时标题问题，这是ResNet18

  

                                                                                                             这是resnet50

                                                                       resnet101 with 128 batch_size only trains 10 epochs