【linux/c】cmake一步步来

说在前面

• 实验环境：ubuntu18.0.4
• cmake ver：3.10.2
• 参考：cmake tutorial、CMake 入门实战
• 继续水

先安装

sudo apt-get install cmake

简单的

• 编写CMakeLists.txt

  # 使用#来注释
  #最低版本要求
  cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6)
  # 项目名称
  project (Tutorial)
  # 将tutorial.cpp编译成名为Tutotial的可执行文件
  add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cpp)
  

• 编写tutorial.cpp

  // A simple program that computes the square root of a number
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <math.h>
  int main (int argc, char *argv[])
  {
    if (argc < 2)
      {
      fprintf(stdout,"Usage: %s number\n",argv[0]);
      return 1;
      }
    double inputValue = atof(argv[1]);
    double outputValue = sqrt(inputValue);
    fprintf(stdout,"The square root of %g is %g\n",
            inputValue, outputValue);
    return 0;
  }
  

• 尝试一下

  cmake .
  make
  

  xx@xx:/mnt/h/opencv/project$ cmake .
  -- The C compiler identification is GNU 7.4.0
  -- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 7.4.0
  -- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
  -- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
  -- Detecting C compiler ABI info
  -- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
  -- Detecting C compile features
  -- Detecting C compile features - done
  -- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
  -- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
  -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
  -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
  -- Detecting CXX compile features
  -- Detecting CXX compile features - done
  -- Configuring done
  -- Generating done
  -- Build files have been written to: /mnt/h/opencv/slam/project
  xx@xx:/mnt/h/opencv/project$ make
  Scanning dependencies of target Tutorial
  [ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/Tutorial.dir/tutorial.cpp.o
  [100%] Linking CXX executable Tutorial
  [100%] Built target Tutorial
  xx@xx:/mnt/h/opencv/project$ ls
  CMakeCache.txt  CMakeFiles  CMakeLists.txt  Makefile  Tutorial  cmake_install.cmake  tutorial.cpp
  xx@xx:/mnt/h/opencv/project$ ./Tutorial  5
  The square root of 5 is 2.23607
  

复杂一点点

• 目录结构
  
  include文件夹中test.h中是TEST类的定义，而src文件夹中src.cpp是TEST类的实现
• 编写 ./src/CMakeLists.txt

  #查找当前目录下所有源文件并记录文件名到DIR_LIB_SRCS
  aux_source_directory(. DIR_LIB_SRCS)
  #由这些源文件生成名为mytest的链接库
  add_library( mytest ${DIR_LIB_SRCS})
  

• 编写 ./CMakeLists.txt

  cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6)
  project (Tutorial)
  #包含头文件目录
  include_directories( ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include )
  #添加src子目录，src下的源文件与CMakeLists也会被处理
  add_subdirectory( src )
  
  add_executable(Tutorial.out tutorial.cpp)
  #链接mytest库
  target_link_libraries(Tutorial.out mytest)
  

• 编写 ./include/test.h

  #ifndef _TEST_H
  #define _TEST_H
  class TEST{
  private:
  	int val;
  	int res;
  
  public:
  	TEST(int a, int b);
  	int get_val();
  };
  #endif
  

• 编写 ./src/test.cpp
  注意：这里的包含目录为"test.h"，而不是"include/test.h"，或者其他

  #include "test.h"
  
  TEST::TEST(int a, int b)
  {
  	this->val = a;
  	this->res = b;
  }
  
  int TEST::get_val()
  {
  	return this->val;
  }
  

• 编写 ./tutorial.cpp
  注意：这里的包含目录为"test.h"，而不是"include/test.h"，或者其他

  // A simple program that computes the square root of a number
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <math.h>
  
  #include "test.h"
  int main (int argc, char *argv[])
  {
    if (argc < 2)
      {
      fprintf(stdout,"Usage: %s number\n",argv[0]);
      return 1;
      }
    double inputValue = atof(argv[1]);
    double outputValue = sqrt(inputValue);
    fprintf(stdout,"The square root of %g is %g\n",
            inputValue, outputValue);
  
    TEST testa(1,0);
    fprintf(stdout,"Test val is %d\n", testa.get_val());
  
    return 0;
  }
  

再复杂一点

• find_package()

  find_package(<package> [version] [EXACT] [QUIET] [MODULE]
               [REQUIRED] [[COMPONENTS] [components...]]
               [OPTIONAL_COMPONENTS components...]
               [NO_POLICY_SCOPE])
  

• 文件目录
  多了张图片，用于测试OpenCV
  
• 以使用OpenCV为例，编写 ./CMakeLists.txt

  cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6)
  project (Tutorial)
  
  # 添加c++ 11标准支持
  set( CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11" )
  # 寻找OpenCV库
  find_package( OpenCV 4 REQUIRED )
  # 添加头文件
  include_directories( ${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
  
  include_directories( ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include )
  add_subdirectory( src )
  add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cpp)
  target_link_libraries(Tutorial mytest)
  #链接OpenCV库
  target_link_libraries(Tutorial ${OpenCV_LIBS} )
  

• 编写./tutorial.cpp

  // A simple program that computes the square root of a number
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <math.h>
  #include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
  #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
  
  #include "test.h"
  
  int main (int argc, char *argv[])
  {
    if (argc < 2)
      {
      fprintf(stdout,"Usage: %s number\n",argv[0]);
      return 1;
      }
    double inputValue = atof(argv[1]);
    double outputValue = sqrt(inputValue);
    fprintf(stdout,"The square root of %g is %g\n",
            inputValue, outputValue);
  
    TEST testa(1,0);
    fprintf(stdout,"Test val is %d\n", testa.get_val());
  
    cv::Mat image = cv::imread("./ubuntu.png");
  
    //cv::namedWindow("image");
    cv::imshow("image", image);
  
    cv::waitKey(0);
  
    return 0;
  }
  

未完待续…