python高斯消元法

参考：​​​​​​c高斯消元法python实现

防止对角线元素为0的情况

import numpy as np
def gauss(a):
    n, m = a.shape
    x = np.zeros(n)
    # 阶梯化矩阵
    for k in range(n):
        # 第k个子矩阵
        f = -1  # 最长的那一行
        for l in range(k, n):
            # 找最长
            if a[l][k] != 0 and f < 0:
                z = a[l][k]
                f = l
                # 归一化
                for i in range(m):
                    a[l][i] /= z
                    # -0 变成 0
                    if a[l][i] == -0:
                        a[l][i] = 0
                continue
            # 处理其他行
            if a[l][k] != 0 and f >= 0:
                j = a[l][k]
                # 第l行所有元素，从第k个元素开始
                for h in range(k, m):
                    a[l][h] -= j * a[f][h]
        # 最长的行放在最上层
        if f > 0 and f != k:
            a[[k, f], :] = a[[f, k], :]
    print(a)
    # 求解
    for i in range(n - 1, -1, -1):
        sum = 0
        for j in range(i, m - 1):
            sum += a[i][j] * x[j]
        x[i] = (a[i][m - 1] - sum)
    return x
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # a是增广矩阵
    a = np.array([[0, 0, 0.8642, -0.7521],
                  [0, 1, 0.1463, 0.6310],
                  [-0.8641, -0.4243, 0.071, 0.2501]])
    print(gauss(a))
    """
     a = np.array([[2, -2, 5, 13],
                  [2, 3, 4, 20],
                  [3, -1, 3, 10]], dtype=float)
    """