Socket的简介
网络上的两个程序通过一个双向的通信连接实现数据的交换,这个连接的一端称为一个socket。
在Android中我们常用的Socket形式为一方是客户端一方是服务端,分别具有数据的发送与接受的功能
在客户端使用Soket时,首先应了解服务端的Ip地址(只有知道,才能找到服务器)并知道服务器所监听
的端口号,才能顺利的建立连接在服务端使用Socket时,应首先规定出需要监听的端口号,以便准确监听。
客户端Soket的简单用法
public class MsgClient {
public DataOutputStream outs;
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
MsgClient client = new MsgClient();
client.connServer("127.0.0.1", 9090);
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void sendTextMsg(DataOutputStream out, String msg) throws IOException {
byte[] bytes = msg.getBytes();
out.write(bytes);
out.flush();
}
public void connServer(String ip, int port) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
Socket client = new Socket(ip, port);
InputStream in = client.getInputStream();
OutputStream out = client.getOutputStream();
outs = new DataOutputStream(out);
sendTextMsg(outs, "我发送啦");
}
}
Socket客户端的用法比较简单,如上述一样,指定客户端Ip和监听端口,然后在连接成功后,就能够通过获取相应的流来进行数据的发送与接收操作
Socket服务端
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
MsgServer server = new MsgServer();
server.setUpServer(9090);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void setUpServer(int port) throws IOException {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(port);
while(true) {
Socket client = server.accept();//阻塞状态,生成
System.out.println("客户端IP:"+client.getRemoteSocketAddress());
processMesage(client);
}
}
private void processMesage(Socket client) throws IOException {
InputStream ins = client.getInputStream();
DataInputStream dins = new DataInputStream(ins);
//服务端接收数据
while(true) {
String msg = dins.readLine();
System.out.println("发来的内容是:"+msg);
}
}
服务器的原理也和客户端相似,通过指定对应的Port来监听客户端的连接,当 server.accept(); 的时候处于阻塞状态等待客户端的连接,当客户端连接时生成Socket实例,针对新的socket对象可进行相关操作
Socket心跳包
在使用过程中,由于客户端和服务端的机制原因,客户端和服务器端无法准确的了解对方是否还存在,所以心跳包也就此出现,基本原理就是客户端定时向服务端报告自己在线,服务端进行接收信息了解客户端在线,并会送客户端信息,具体代码如下
public class Server {
/**
* 要处理客户端发来的对象,并返回一个对象,可实现该接口。
*/
public interface ObjectAction{
Object doAction(Object rev);
}
public static final class DefaultObjectAction implements ObjectAction{
public Object doAction(Object rev) {
System.out.println("处理并返回:"+rev);
return rev;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int port = 65432;
Server server = new Server(port);
server.start();
}
private int port;
private volatile boolean running=false;
private long receiveTimeDelay=3000;
private ConcurrentHashMap<Class, ObjectAction> actionMapping = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class,ObjectAction>();
private Thread connWatchDog;
public Server(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public void start(){
if(running)return;
running=true;
connWatchDog = new Thread(new ConnWatchDog());
connWatchDog.start();
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public void stop(){
if(running)running=false;
if(connWatchDog!=null)connWatchDog.stop();
}
public void addActionMap(Class<Object> cls,ObjectAction action){
actionMapping.put(cls, action);
}
class ConnWatchDog implements Runnable{
public void run(){
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(port,5);
while(running){
Socket s = ss.accept();
new Thread(new SocketAction(s)).start();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Server.this.stop();
}
}
}
class SocketAction implements Runnable{
Socket s;
boolean run=true;
//逻辑问题,上次接收时间默认应为0
long lastReceiveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// long lastReceiveTime = 0;
public SocketAction(Socket s) {
this.s = s;
}
public void run() {
while(running && run){
if(System.currentTimeMillis()-lastReceiveTime>receiveTimeDelay){
System.out.println("我进来了");
overThis();
}else{
try {
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
if(in.available()>0){
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(in);
Object obj = ois.readObject();
lastReceiveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("接收:\t"+obj);
ObjectAction oa = actionMapping.get(obj.getClass());
oa = oa==null?new DefaultObjectAction():oa;
Object out = oa.doAction(obj);
if(out!=null){
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());
oos.writeObject(out);
oos.flush();
}
}else{
Thread.sleep(10);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
overThis();
}
}
}
}
private void overThis() {
if(run)run=false;
if(s!=null){
try {
s.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("关闭:"+s.getRemoteSocketAddress());
System.out.println("断开连接");
}
}
}
public class Client {
/**
* 处理服务端发回的对象,可实现该接口。
*/
public static interface ObjectAction{
void doAction(Object obj,Client client);
}
public static final class DefaultObjectAction implements ObjectAction{
public void doAction(Object obj,Client client) {
System.out.println("处理:\t"+obj.toString());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
String serverIp = "127.0.0.1";
int port = 65432;
Client client = new Client(serverIp,port);
client.start();
}
private String serverIp;
private int port;
private Socket socket;
private boolean running=false;
private long lastSendTime;
private ConcurrentHashMap<Class, ObjectAction> actionMapping = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class,ObjectAction>();
public Client(String serverIp, int port) {
this.serverIp=serverIp;this.port=port;
}
public void start(){
if(running)return;
try {
socket = new Socket(serverIp,port);
System.out.println("本地端口:"+socket.getLocalPort());
lastSendTime=System.currentTimeMillis();
running=true;
new Thread(new KeepAliveWatchDog()).start();
new Thread(new ReceiveWatchDog()).start();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("u发发");
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(port+"");
Client client = new Client(serverIp,port);
client.start();
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void stop(){
if(running)running=false;
System.out.println("Client stop");
}
/**
* 添加接收对象的处理对象。
* @param cls 待处理的对象,其所属的类。
* @param action 处理过程对象。
*/
public void addActionMap(Class<Object> cls,ObjectAction action){
actionMapping.put(cls, action);
}
public void sendObject(Object obj) {
try {
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
oos.writeObject(obj);
System.out.println("发送:\t"+obj);
oos.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("尼玛炸了");
stop();
start();
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
class SendMessage implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String s = scanner.nextLine();
}
}
}
class KeepAliveWatchDog implements Runnable{
long checkDelay = 10;
long keepAliveDelay = 2000;
public void run() {
while(running){
if(System.currentTimeMillis()-lastSendTime>keepAliveDelay){
Client.this.sendObject(new KeepAlive());
lastSendTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
}else{
try {
Thread.sleep(checkDelay);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Client.this.stop();
}
}
}
}
}
class ReceiveWatchDog implements Runnable{
public void run() {
while(running){
try {
InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
if(in.available()>0){
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(in);
Object obj = ois.readObject();
System.out.println("接收:\t"+obj);
ObjectAction oa = actionMapping.get(obj.getClass());
oa = oa==null?new DefaultObjectAction():oa;
oa.doAction(obj, Client.this);
}else{
Thread.sleep(10);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Client.this.stop();
}
}
}
}
}
public class KeepAlive implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2813120366138988480L;
/* 覆盖该方法,仅用于测试使用。
* @see java.lang.Object#toString()
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date())+"\t维持连接包";
}
}
Socket中传输文件(并能传递文件名)
/**
* Created by admin on 2016/9/20/0020.
*
* 客户端给服务端发送文件夹
*/
public class TCPServer {
static int size=10*1024;
static byte[] buf=new byte[size];
static int len=-1;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
ServerSocket ss=null;
OutputStream out=null;
Socket s=null;
try {
ss=new ServerSocket(9987);
System.out.println("等待客户端连接");
s=ss.accept();
System.out.println("连接成功");
// InputStream in=s.getInputStream();
out=s.getOutputStream();
long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("开始发送文件");
String fileName="D:\\新建文件夹\\demo1";//"I:"+File.separator;
if(!fileName.endsWith(File.separator)){
fileName+=File.separator;
}
File file=new File(fileName);
String parent=file.getParent();
if(parent==null){
File[] fs=file.listFiles();
for(int i=0;i<fs.length;i++){
if(fs[i].isHidden())
{
System.out.println("隐藏文件"+fs[i].getAbsolutePath()+",不会被发送");
continue;
}
test(fs[i],out,fs[i].getParent());
}
}else{
test(file,out,parent);
}
System.out.println("文件发送成功"+(System.currentTimeMillis()-start)+"ms");
out.write("接受成功".getBytes());
out.flush();
} finally {
if(out!=null)out.close();
if(s!=null)s.close();
if(ss!=null)ss.close();
}
}
private static void test(File file,OutputStream out,String sendFileName)throws Exception{
FileInputStream in=null;
String fname=file.getAbsolutePath();
String name=fname.replace(sendFileName, "");
if(file.isDirectory()){
File[] fs=file.listFiles();
out.write(new byte[]{(byte)2}, 0, 1);//2:文件夹名
int fileLength=name.getBytes().length;
out.write(intToBytes(fileLength),0,4);//文件名的长度
out.write(name.getBytes(),0,name.getBytes().length);//文件名
System.out.println("文件夹:"+name+" "+name.length());
out.flush();
for(int i=0;i<fs.length;i++){
if(fs[i].isHidden())
{
System.out.println("隐藏文件"+fs[i].getAbsolutePath()+",不会被发送");
continue;
}
test(fs[i],out,sendFileName);
}
}else{
out.write(new byte[]{(byte)1}, 0, 1);//1:文件名
int fileLength=name.getBytes().length;
out.write(intToBytes(fileLength),0,4);//文件夹名的长度
out.write(name.getBytes(),0,name.getBytes().length);//文件夹名
System.out.println("文件:"+name+" "+name.length()+" "+file.length());
out.flush();
in=new FileInputStream(file);
out.write(new byte[]{(byte)0}, 0, 1);//0表示文件数据
out.write(longToBytes(file.length()),0,8);//文件的长度
out.flush();
while((len=in.read(buf,0,size))!=-1){
out.write(buf,0,len);
out.flush();
}
in.close();
}
}
private static byte[] intToBytes(int i){
byte[] b=new byte[4];
b[0]=(byte)((i>>>24)&255);
b[1]=(byte)((i>>>16)&255);
b[2]=(byte)((i>>>8)&255);
b[3]=(byte)(i&255);
return b;
}
private static byte[] longToBytes(long i){
byte[] b=new byte[8];
b[0]=(byte)((i>>>56)&255);
b[1]=(byte)((i>>>48)&255);
b[2]=(byte)((i>>>40)&255);
b[3]=(byte)((i>>>32)&255);
b[4]=(byte)((i>>>24)&255);
b[5]=(byte)((i>>>16)&255);
b[6]=(byte)((i>>>8)&255);
b[7]=(byte)(i&255);
return b;
}
}
public class TCPClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
System.setOut(new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\log.txt")));
Socket s=null;
InputStream in=null;
try {
s=new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9987);
String savePath="D:\\新建文件夹\\demo2";//"D:"+File.separator+"test"+File.separator;
in=s.getInputStream();
int size=10*1024;
byte[] buf=new byte[size];
int len=-1;
byte[] bs=new byte[size];
while((len=in.read(buf, 0, size))!=-1){
writeData(buf,0,len,savePath,bs);
}
if(out!=null){
out.flush();
out.close();
}
} finally {
if(in!=null)
in.close();
if(s!=null)
s.close();
}
}
static FileOutputStream out=null;
static long count=0;//计算是否完成数据的读取,开始下一条命令
static int cmd=-1;
static int bsl=0;
private static void writeData(byte[] buf,int off, int len,String savePath,byte[] bs) throws Exception{
if(len-off==0)return;
System.out.println("偏移量:"+off+"命令"+cmd+"数量:"+count);
int i=off;
if(count==0l){//如果一条命令的数据已经读完就开始读取下一条命令
cmd=buf[i++];
System.out.println("获取命令:"+cmd);
count=-1l;
if(len-i==0)return;
writeData(buf,i,len,savePath,bs);
}else if(count==-1l){//读取文件(夹)名称的长度或文件的大小
System.out.println("获取长度");
switch (cmd){
case 0:
if(len-i+bsl<8){
System.arraycopy(buf, i, bs, bsl, len-i);
System.out.println("读取长度1:"+(len-i)+" 未读取完");
bsl=len-i;
i=0;
return;
}
System.arraycopy(buf, i, bs, bsl, 8-bsl);
System.out.println("读取长度1:"+(8-bsl)+" 读取完");
count=bytesToLong(bs, 0);
i+=8-bsl;
bsl=0;
writeData(buf,i,len,savePath,bs);
break;
case 1:
case 2:
if(len-i+bsl<4){
System.arraycopy(buf, i, bs, bsl, len-i);
System.out.println("读取长度2:"+(len-i)+" 未读取完");
bsl=len-i;
i=0;
return;
}
System.arraycopy(buf, i, bs, bsl, 4-bsl);
System.out.println("读取长度2:"+(4-bsl)+" 读取完");
count=bytesToInt(bs, 0);
i+=4-bsl;
bsl=0;
writeData(buf,i,len,savePath,bs);
break;
}
}else{//写入文件或创建文件夹、创建文件输出流
System.out.println("3");
switch (cmd){
case 0:
System.out.println("写入文件");
if(len-i-count>0){
try{
System.out.println("写入文件 长度:"+count+"文件写入完成");
out.write(buf, i, (int)count);
i+=count;
count=0;
out.flush();
}finally{
if(out!=null)out.close();
}
writeData(buf,i,len,savePath,bs);
}else{
System.out.println("写入文件 长度:"+(len-i)+"文件写入没有完成");
out.write(buf,i,len-i);
count-=len-i;
i=0;
}break;
case 1:
if(len-i-count<0){
System.out.println("获取文件名字:"+(len-i)+"写入没有完成 剩余长度"+count);
System.arraycopy(buf, i, bs, bsl, len-i);
bsl+=len-i;
count-=bsl;
i=0;
return;
}else{
System.out.println("获取文件名字:"+(count-bsl)+"写入完成 剩余长度");
System.arraycopy(buf, i, bs, bsl, (int)count);
String name=new String(bs,0,(int)count+bsl);
System.out.println("文件:"+savePath+name);
out=new FileOutputStream(savePath+name);
bsl=0;
i+=count;
count=0;
writeData(buf,i,len,savePath,bs);
}
break;
case 2:
if(len-i-count<0){
System.out.println("获取文件夹名字:"+(len-i)+"写入没有完成 剩余长度"+count);
System.arraycopy(buf, i, bs, bsl, len-i);
bsl+=len-i;
count-=bsl;
i=0;
return;
}else{
System.out.println(len+" "+count+" "+bsl+" ");
System.out.println("获取文件夹名字:"+(count-bsl)+"写入完成 剩余长度");
System.arraycopy(buf, i, bs, bsl, (int)count);
String name=new String(bs,0,bsl+(int)count);
File file=new File(savePath+name);
bsl=0;
i+=count;
count=0;
if(!file.exists()){
file.mkdirs();
}
System.out.println("文件夹:"+savePath+name);
writeData(buf,i,len,savePath,bs);
}
break;
}
}
}
private static int bytesToInt(byte[] buf,int off){
int i=0;
i=i|((buf[off]&255)<<24);
i=i|((buf[off+1]&255)<<16);
i=i|((buf[off+2]&255)<<8);
i=i|(buf[off+3]&255);
return i;
}
private static long bytesToLong(byte[] buf,int off){
long i=0;
i=i|(((long)buf[off]&255)<<56)
|(((long)buf[off+1]&255)<<48)
|(((long)buf[off+2]&255)<<40)
|(((long)buf[off+3]&255)<<32)
|(((long)buf[off+4]&255)<<24)
|(((long)buf[off+5]&255)<<16)
|(((long)buf[off+6]&255)<<8)
|((long)buf[off+7]&255);
return i;
}
}
具体实现原理我也没看懂···(好尴尬),再次作为记录,如果小伙伴们知道,欢迎帮本宝宝指个明路。