Elasticsearch API简单操作

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 15:40:45 发布

张行之

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 15:40:45 发布

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分类专栏：大数据文章标签： es elasticsearch curl java python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33689414/article/details/87192182

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Elasticsearch API简单操作

在操作Elasticsearch之前，需要先安装Elasticsearch集群，安装博客如：Elasticsearch集群安装

下面介绍简单介绍Elasticsearch的3中操作方式，分别curl，java，python操作。

1.curl操作

基本上curl操作，通过GET，POST，DELETE操作就OK

具体的模式如下：

curl -X<VERB> '<PROTOCOL>://<HOST>:<PORT>/<PATH>?<QUERY_STRING>' -d '<BODY>'

POST操作（PUT操作类似）

# 这里的people表示index，sanguo表示type，1表示id
curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/1' -d '{"name":"caocao","age":32,"sex":"male"}'

curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/2' -d '{"name":"liubei","age":30,"sex":"male"}'

curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/3' -d '{"name":"guanyu","age":28,"sex":"male"}'

curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/4' -d '{"name":"zhangfei","age":27,"sex":"male"}'

curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/5' -d '{"name":"sunquan","age":25,"sex":"male"}'

curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/6' -d '{"name":"zhouyu","age":30,"sex":"male"}'

curl -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/7' -d '{"name":"xiaoqiao","age":24,"sex":"female"}'

GET操作

# 查找index为people，type为sanguo，id为1的数据
curl -H 'content-type:application/json' -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/people/sanguo/1'


# 查找所有的数据
curl -H 'content-type:application/json' -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_search' -d '
{
    "query": {
        "match_all": {}
    }
}'


# 全部扫描，查找name字段为caocao的数据
curl -H 'content-type:application/json' -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_search?q=name:caocao'


# 全部扫描，查找name字段为caocao的数据
curl -H 'content-type:application/json' -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_search' -d '{"query": {"match": {"name":"caocao"}}}'

2.Java api操作

pom.xml文件依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
        <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
        <version>6.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
        <artifactId>transport</artifactId>
        <version>6.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

java代码

package com.test;


import org.elasticsearch.action.DocWriteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.TransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortOrder;
import org.elasticsearch.transport.client.PreBuiltTransportClient;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class ESDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException {

        Settings settings = Settings.builder()
                .put("cluster.name", "my-application")
                .put("client.transport.sniff", true)
                .build();


        // 获取client的客户端对象
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddress(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("localhost"), 9300));

//        insertId(client);
//        updateId(client);

        getId(client);
        getId2(client);

        searchAll(client);
        searchMatch(client, "30");
        searchMatch(client, "xiaoqiao");
        searchBoolMatch(client);
        searchFilterMatch(client);



        client.close();
    }

    // 更新操作
    private static void updateId(TransportClient client) {
        Map source = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        source.put("name", "zhugeliang");
        source.put("age", 26);
        source.put("sex", "male");
        UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("people", "sanguo", "8").setDoc(source).execute().actionGet();
        DocWriteResponse.Result result = response.getResult();
        System.out.println(result);
    }

    // 过滤及范围查询
    private static void searchFilterMatch(TransportClient client) {
        QueryBuilder q = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gte("25").lt("32");
        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("people")
                .setQuery(q)
                .setFrom(0) //从第一个开始
                .setSize(5) // 取5个数据
                .addSort("age", SortOrder.DESC) // 排序规则
                .execute()
                .actionGet();

        SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
        for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    }

    // 匹配查询，根据条件匹配查询
    private static void searchBoolMatch(TransportClient client) {

        QueryBuilder q = QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
                .must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "caocao"))
                .must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("age", "32"));

        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("people").setQuery(q).execute().actionGet();

        SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
        for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    }


    // 全部扫描
    private static void searchMatch(TransportClient client, String query) {
        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery(query);
        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("people").setQuery(queryBuilder).execute().actionGet();
        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    }

    // 通过id查找
    private static void getId(TransportClient client) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        // get index/type/id
        GetResponse getResponse = client.prepareGet("people", "sanguo", "1").execute().get();
        Map<String, Object> source1 = getResponse.getSource();
        System.out.println(source1);
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    }


    // 通过id查找
    private static void getId2(TransportClient client) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        // get 另外一种形式
        String source = client.prepareGet().setIndex("people").setType("sanguo").setId("3").execute().actionGet().getSourceAsString();
        System.out.println(source);
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    }

    // 扫描所有的数据
    private static void searchAll(TransportClient client) {
        // search 搜索
        SearchHits search = client.prepareSearch().execute().actionGet().getHits();

        SearchHit[] hits = search.getHits();

        for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
            String string = hit.getSourceAsString();
            System.out.println(string);
        }
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    }

    // 插入一条数据
    private static void insertId(TransportClient client) {
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        map.put("name", "zhugeliang");
        map.put("age", "26");
        map.put("sex", "male");
        IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex().setIndex("people").setType("sanguo").setId("8").setSource(map).execute().actionGet();
        DocWriteResponse.Result result = response.getResult();
        System.out.println(result);
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    }

}

3.python api 操作

pip安装elasticsearch

pip install elasticsearch

python操作代码

python api比较简单，因为返回的是一个Doc文档，是dict类型，我们只需要对从dict中获取数据就好。

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch

if __name__ == '__main__':

    es = Elasticsearch(hosts="localhost")

    res = es.get("people", "sanguo", "1")
    print(res)

    print("---" * 20)

    res2 = es.search(index='people')
    print(type(res2))
    for i in res2["hits"]["hits"]:
        print(i["_source"])

    print("---" * 20)

    res3 = es.search(index="people", body={"query": {"match": {"name": "caocao"}}})
    for i in res3["hits"]["hits"]:
        print(i["_source"])

    print("---" * 20)

    # res4 = es.index(index="people", doc_type="sanguo", id="9", body={"name": "lubu", "age": 30, "sex": "male"})
    # print(res4)

    # res5 = es.delete(index="people", doc_type="sanguo", id="9")
    # print(res5)

    res6 = es.index(index="people", doc_type="sanguo", id="9",
                    body={"name": "sunshangxiang", "age": 25, "sex": "female"})
    print(res6)

    print("---" * 20)