生成坐标系（网格）

效果如下：

源码如下：

//mainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="314">
    <Grid Width="260">
        <StackPanel Height="200" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="25,27,0,0" Name="stackPanel_XySys" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="200" />
        <Button Content="放大" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="25,243,0,0" Name="enlarge" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="enlarge_Click" />
        <Button Content="缩小" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="150,243,0,0" Name="shirink" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="shirink_Click" />
    </Grid>
</Window>

//mainWindow.xaml.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace WpfApplication1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        Canvas mySys;
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            //生成坐标系
            xySys xysys = new xySys();
            mySys = xysys.createSys((int)stackPanel_XySys.Width, 10);
            stackPanel_XySys.Children.Add(mySys);
        }

        int num = 10;//最初单元格的个数
        double r = 0.5;//放大或缩小的倍数
        private void enlarge_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {

            //最终单元格个数
            num -= (int)(num * r);

            if (num<2)
            {
                num = 2;//锁定单元格下限为2
                return;              
            }

            //重绘坐标系
            stackPanel_XySys.Children.Remove(mySys);
            xySys xysys = new xySys();
            mySys = xysys.createSys((int)stackPanel_XySys.Width, num);
            stackPanel_XySys.Children.Add(mySys);
        }

        private void shirink_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            //最终单元格个数
            num += (int)(num * r);

            //重绘坐标系
            stackPanel_XySys.Children.Remove(mySys);
            xySys xysys = new xySys();
            mySys = xysys.createSys((int)stackPanel_XySys.Width, num);
            stackPanel_XySys.Children.Add(mySys);
        }

    }
}

//xySys.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Windows.Controls;

namespace WpfApplication1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// name:lzh
    /// description:坐标系类
    /// date:2017.12.16
    /// </summary>   
    class xySys
    {
        //待返回的临时canvas对象
        Canvas _Temp_Canvas = new Canvas(); 

        //_WH_Canvas，显示各种图像的画布的边长
        //_NUM_CELL,单元格的个数（坐标系的阶数）
        public Canvas createSys(int _WH_Canvas, int _NUM_CELL)
        {
            return createSys_PRIVATE(_WH_Canvas, _NUM_CELL);
        }

        //隐藏xySys函数实现细节的函数
        private Canvas createSys_PRIVATE(int _WH_Canvas, int _NUM_CELL)
        {
            //声明起点和终点对象并初始化XY坐标值
            Point xy_start = new Point();
            Point xy_end = new Point();
            xy_start.X = 0;
            xy_start.Y = 0;
            xy_end.X = 0;
            xy_end.Y = 0;

            {
                //绘制横线
                xy_start.X = 0;
                for (int j = 0; j <= _NUM_CELL; j++)
                {
                    xy_start.Y = j * _WH_Canvas / _NUM_CELL;
                    xy_end.X = _WH_Canvas;
                    xy_end.Y = xy_start.Y;
                    DrawLine(xy_start, xy_end);
                }
            }

            {
                //绘制纵线
                xy_start.Y = 0;
                for (int j = 0; j <= _NUM_CELL; j++)
                {
                    xy_start.X = j * _WH_Canvas / _NUM_CELL;
                    xy_end.X = xy_start.X;
                    xy_end.Y = _WH_Canvas;
                    DrawLine(xy_start, xy_end);
                }
            }

            return _Temp_Canvas;

        }

        //画一条线
        private void DrawLine(Point startPt, Point endPt)
        {
            LineGeometry myLineGeometry = new LineGeometry();
            myLineGeometry.StartPoint = startPt;
            myLineGeometry.EndPoint = endPt;
            Path myPath = new Path();
            myPath.Stroke = Brushes.Black;
            myPath.StrokeThickness = 1;
            myPath.Data = myLineGeometry;

            //把图像添加到待返回的临时canvas对象上
            _Temp_Canvas.Children.Add(myPath);
        }  
    }
}