非对称加密方式:明文--->公钥--->密文 密文-->密钥-->明文
RSA由于public key<公钥> 和private key<密钥>的不同<也叫非对称算法加解密>,极大的提高了文件的安全性。 对称算法是同key的 ,这样很容易被人破解。
RSA算法:
- import java.security.Key;
- import java.security.KeyFactory;
- import java.security.KeyPair;
- import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
- import java.security.PrivateKey;
- import java.security.PublicKey;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
- import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
- import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
- import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
- public class RSAHelper {
- public static PublicKey getPublicKey(String key) throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes;
- keyBytes = (new BASE64Decoder()).decodeBuffer(key);
- X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
- PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
- return publicKey;
- }
- public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String key) throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes;
- keyBytes = (new BASE64Decoder()).decodeBuffer(key);
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
- PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
- return privateKey;
- }
- public static String getKeyString(Key key) throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = key.getEncoded();
- String s = (new BASE64Encoder()).encode(keyBytes);
- return s;
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
- //密钥位数
- keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
- //密钥对
- KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
- // 公钥
- PublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
- // 私钥
- PrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
- String publicKeyString = getKeyString(publicKey);
- System.out.println("public:/n" + publicKeyString);
- String privateKeyString = getKeyString(privateKey);
- System.out.println("private:/n" + privateKeyString);
- //加解密类
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");//Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
- //明文
- byte[] plainText = "我们都很好!邮件:@sina.com".getBytes();
- //加密
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
- byte[] enBytes = cipher.doFinal(plainText);
- //通过密钥字符串得到密钥
- publicKey = getPublicKey(publicKeyString);
- privateKey = getPrivateKey(privateKeyString);
- //解密
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
- byte[]deBytes = cipher.doFinal(enBytes);
- publicKeyString = getKeyString(publicKey);
- System.out.println("public:/n" +publicKeyString);
- privateKeyString = getKeyString(privateKey);
- System.out.println("private:/n" + privateKeyString);
- String s = new String(deBytes);
- System.out.println(s);
- }
- }
在实际开发中! 我们通过自己的modulus ,publicExponent 这两个是用户加密产生public key 而 privateExponet 用于产生private key 来开发的情况比较多。
- import java.math.BigInteger;
- import java.security.KeyFactory;
- import java.security.PrivateKey;
- import java.security.PublicKey;
- import java.security.spec.RSAPrivateKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec;
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
- public class RsaKey {
- public PublicKey getPublicKey(String modulus,String publicExponent) throws Exception {
- BigInteger m = new BigInteger(modulus);
- BigInteger e = new BigInteger(publicExponent);
- RSAPublicKeySpec keySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(m,e);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
- PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
- return publicKey;
- }
- public PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String modulus,String privateExponent) throws Exception {
- BigInteger m = new BigInteger(modulus);
- BigInteger e = new BigInteger(privateExponent);
- RSAPrivateKeySpec keySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(m,e);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
- PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
- return privateKey;
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- String modulus = "10103166745709600780215616551837697832816413714471062522342538060943596036859967333870827790358555455232243383580565187280643159050869924436081447583051139";
- String publicExponent = "65537";
- String privateExponet = "367979294475011322800474185715497882523349856362702385535371444397399388741997039894583483410120364529325888461124714276674612930833020362278754665756193";
- RsaKey key = new RsaKey();
- PublicKey publicKey = key.getPublicKey(modulus, publicExponent);
- PrivateKey privateKey = key.getPrivateKey(modulus, privateExponet);
- //加解密类
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA"); //"RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding" 就是:“算法/工作模式/填充模式”
- //明文
- byte[] plainText = "hello world !".getBytes();
- //加密
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
- byte[] enBytes = cipher.doFinal(plainText);
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
- byte[]deBytes = cipher.doFinal(enBytes);
- String s = new String(deBytes);
- System.out.println(s);
- }