学习笔记 | matplotlib可视化 函数练习

散点图

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

%matplotlib inline

x = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,100)
y = np.sin(x)+np.random.rand(100)

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['Arial Unicode MS']    #指定默认字体
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False    #解决保存图像时负号’-’显示为方块的问题  
plt.figure(figsize=(9,5))
plt.title("sin散点图")
plt.scatter(x,y)
plt.show()

折线图

x = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,100)
y = np.sin(x)+np.random.rand(100)

plt.figure(dpi=120)
plt.plot(x,y,'r--')
plt.plot(x,np.sin(x),'g')
plt.legend(['折线','sin曲线'])
plt.show()

x = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,100)
y = np.sin(x)+np.random.rand(100)

plt.figure(dpi=120)
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.plot(x,np.sin(x))
plt.legend(['折线','sin曲线'])
plt.show()

plt.plot([1,2,3,4])
plt.ylabel('some numbers')
plt.show()

条形图

n = 12; x = np.arange(n)
np.random.seed(123)
y1 = np.random.random(n)
y2 = np.random.random(n)
plt.bar(x, y1, facecolor='#FFF68F')
plt.bar(x, -y2, facecolor='#9999ff')
for i, j in zip(x, y1):
    plt.text(i, j+0.05, '%.2f'%j, ha='center', va='bottom')
for i, j in zip(x, y2):
    plt.text(i, -j-0.05, '%.2f'%j, ha='center', va='top')
plt.ylim(-1.2, 1.2)
plt.show()

n = 12; x = np.arange(n)
np.random.seed(123)
y1 = np.random.random(n)
y2 = np.random.random(n)
plt.bar(x, y1)
plt.bar(x, -y2)
for i, j in zip(x, y1):
    plt.text(i, j+0.05, '%.2f'%j, ha='center', va='bottom')
for i, j in zip(x, y2):
    plt.text(i, -j-0.05, '%.2f'%j, ha='center', va='top')
plt.ylim(-1.2, 1.2)
plt.show()

饼图

n = 20
z = np.ones(n)
plt.figure(figsize=(5, 5))
plt.pie(z, explode=[0.1]*(n-1)+[0.3], colors=['%f'%(i/n) for i in range(n)])
plt.show()

z = np.ones(10)

plt.figure(figsize=(5, 5))
plt.pie(z, autopct='%.2f%%', explode=[0.1]+ [0]*9, labels=list('ABCDEFGHIJ'), labeldistance=1.1)
plt.show()

#help(plt.pie)