DES加密算法

1、DES简介

DES是一个分组加密算法，它是加密思想就是将明文分成n个64位的块，对每个块分别用56位的秘钥进行DES算法加密，生成n个64位的密文块，然后将n个64位的密文块串在一起就是最终的密文。DES加密算法流程图如下：

2、DES算法的C语言

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
/*------------------------
     定义枚举型全局变量
------------------------*/
typedef enum
{
	false = 0,
	true  = 1
} bool;

  // 十六轮子密钥
static bool SubKey[16][48]={0};

 /*---------------------*/
/*-------------------------------------------------------------
     各种置换表
-------------------------------------------------------------*/
// IP置换表
const char IP_Table[64]={             
	58,50,42,34,26,18,10, 2,60,52,44,36,28,20,12, 4,
	62,54,46,38,30,22,14, 6,64,56,48,40,32,24,16, 8,
	57,49,41,33,25,17, 9, 1,59,51,43,35,27,19,11, 3,
	61,53,45,37,29,21,13, 5,63,55,47,39,31,23,15, 7 
};
// IP-1置换表
const char IPR_Table[64]={              
	40, 8,48,16,56,24,64,32,39, 7,47,15,55,23,63,31,
	38, 6,46,14,54,22,62,30,37, 5,45,13,53,21,61,29,
	36, 4,44,12,52,20,60,28,35, 3,43,11,51,19,59,27,
	34, 2,42,10,50,18,58,26,33, 1,41, 9,49,17,57,25 
};

// E扩展表
static char E_Table[48]={
	32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
	8, 9,10,11,12,13,12,13,14,15,16,17,
	16,17,18,19,20,21,20,21,22,23,24,25,
	24,25,26,27,28,29,28,29,30,31,32, 1
};
// PC1置换表
static char PC1_Table[56]={
	57,49,41,33,25,17, 9, 1,58,50,42,34,26,18,
	10, 2,59,51,43,35,27,19,11, 3,60,52,44,36,
	63,55,47,39,31,23,15, 7,62,54,46,38,30,22,
	14, 6,61,53,45,37,29,21,13, 5,28,20,12, 4
};

// pc2表     
static char PC2_Table[48]={
	14,17,11,24, 1, 5, 3,28,15, 6,21,10,
	23,19,12, 4,26, 8,16, 7,27,20,13, 2,
	41,52,31,37,47,55,30,40,51,34,33,48,
	44,49,39,56,34,53,46,42,50,36,29,32 
};
//  移位表
static char Move_Table[16]={
	1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1
};
 // S盒
static char S_Box[8][4][16]={
 //S1
	14, 4,13, 1, 2,15,11, 8, 3,10, 6,12, 5, 9, 0, 7,
	0,15, 7, 4,14, 2,13, 1,10, 6,12,11, 9, 5, 3, 8,
	4, 1,14, 8,13, 6, 2,11,15,12, 9, 7, 3,10, 5, 0,
	15,12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5,11, 3,14,10, 0, 6,13,
 //S2
	15, 1, 8,14, 6,11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2,13,12, 0, 5,10,
	3,13, 4, 7,15, 2, 8,14,12, 0, 1,10, 6, 9,11, 5,
	0,14, 7,11,10, 4,13, 1, 5, 8,12, 6, 9, 3, 2,15,
	13, 8,10, 1, 3,15, 4, 2,11, 6, 7,12, 0, 5,14, 9,
 //S3
	10, 0, 9,14, 6, 3,15, 5, 1,13,12, 7,11, 4, 2, 8,
	13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6,10, 2, 8, 5,14,12,11,15, 1,
	13, 6, 4, 9, 8,15, 3, 0,11, 1, 2,12, 5,10,14, 7,
	1,10,13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4,15,14, 3,11, 5, 2,12,
 //S4
	7,13,14, 3, 0, 6, 9,10, 1, 2, 8, 5,11,12, 4,15,
	13, 8,11, 5, 6,15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2,12, 1,10,14, 9,
	10, 6, 9, 0,12,11, 7,13,15, 1, 3,14, 5, 2, 8, 4,
	3,15, 0, 6,10, 1,13, 8, 9, 4, 5,11,12, 7, 2,14,
 //S5
	2,12, 4, 1, 7,10,11, 6, 8, 5, 3,15,13, 0,14, 9,
	14,11, 2,12, 4, 7,13, 1, 5, 0,15,10, 3, 9, 8, 6,
	4, 2, 1,11,10,13, 7, 8,15, 9,12, 5, 6, 3, 0,14,
	11, 8,12, 7, 1,14, 2,13, 6,15, 0, 9,10, 4, 5, 3,
 //S6
	12, 1,10,15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0,13, 3, 4,14, 7, 5,11,
	10,15, 4, 2, 7,12, 0, 5, 6, 1,13,14, 0,11, 3, 8,
	9,14,15, 5, 2, 8,12, 3, 7, 0, 4,10, 1,13,11, 6,
	4, 3, 2,12, 9, 5,15,10,11,14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8,13,
 //S7
	4,11, 2,14,15, 0, 8,13, 3,12, 9, 7, 5,10, 6, 1,
	13, 0,11, 7, 4, 0, 1,10,14, 3, 5,12, 2,15, 8, 6,
	1, 4,11,13,12, 3, 7,14,10,15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2,
	6,11,13, 8, 1, 4,10, 7, 9, 5, 0,15,14, 2, 3,12,
 //S8
	13, 2, 8, 4, 6,15,11, 1,10, 9, 3,14, 5, 0,12, 7,
	1,15,13, 8,10, 3, 7, 4,12, 5, 6,11, 0,14, 9, 2,
	7,11, 4, 1, 9,12,14, 2, 0, 6,10,13,15, 3, 5, 8,
	2, 1,14, 7, 4,10, 8,13,15,12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6,11
};
 //P置换表
static char P_Table[32]={
	16, 7,20,21,29,12,28,17, 1,15,23,26, 5,18,31,10,
	2, 8,24,14,32,27, 3, 9,19,13,30, 6,22,11, 4,25
};
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*-----------------------------自定义函数-----------------------------*/
void SetKey(char My_key[8]); //生成16轮的子密钥；
void ByteToBit(bool * Data_out,char * Data_in,int Num); //字节转换成位；
void Change_bit(bool * Data_out,int Num);//二进制的位置进行转换；
void BitToByte(char My_message[8],bool * Message_in,int Num); //位转换成字节；
void TableReplace(bool *Data_out,bool *Data_in,const char *Table,int Num);  //各种表的置换算法；
void Bitcopy(bool * Data_out,bool * Data_in,int Num);  //二进制数组的拷贝
void Loop_bit(bool * Data_out,int movstep,int len);  //左移位；
void Run_Des(char My_message[8],char HexMssage[16]);//des的轮加密算法
void Xor(bool * Message_out, bool * Message_in,int Num); //执行异或
void S_change(bool * Data_out, bool * Data_in);  // S盒变换；
void HexToBit(bool * Data_out,char * Data_in,int Num); // 十六进制转二进制
void BitToHex(char * Data_out,bool * Data_in,int Num); //二进制转换成十六进制；
void Run_desDes(char My_message[8],char HexMessage[16]);// DES轮解密算法；

/*--------------------------*/

/*--------------------------主函数----------------------------------*/
int main()
{
	int i=0,j;
 char My_key[8]={0};  //记录加密密钥；
 char You_key[8]={0}; //解密密钥
 char My_message[8]={0}; //明文
 char Message_hex[16]={0};//16进制的密文
 printf("请输入你要加密的内容(8 Byte):\n");
 gets(My_message);
 printf("请输入你的加密密钥:\n");
 gets(My_key);
 i=strlen(My_key);
 while(i!=8)
 {
 	printf("请输入加密密钥(8 Byte)\n");
 	gets(My_key);
 	i=0;
 	i=strlen(My_key);
 }
 SetKey(My_key);  //生成16轮的加密子密钥； 
 Run_Des(My_message,Message_hex); //des的轮加密过程
 printf("经过加密的密文为:\n");
 for(i=0;i<16;i++)
 {
 	printf("%c ",Message_hex[i]);
 }
 printf("\n");
 printf("请输入你的解密密钥(8 Byte):\n");
 gets(You_key);
 i=strlen(You_key);
 while(i!=8)
 {
 	printf("请输入解密密钥(8 Byte)\n");
 	gets(You_key);
 	i=0;
 	i=strlen(You_key);
 }
 SetKey(You_key);  //生成16轮的解密子密钥；
 Run_desDes(My_message,Message_hex);//解密;
 printf("解密结果为:\n");
 for(i=0;i<8;i++)
 {
 	printf("%c ",My_message[i]);
 }
 printf("\n");
 return 0;
}

/*--------------------具体函数定义----------------------*/
void Bitcopy(bool * Data_out, bool * Data_in,int Num) //二进制数组拷贝
{
	int i=0;
	for(i=0;i<Num;i++)
	{  
		Data_out[i]=Data_in[i];
	}
	
}
void Change_bit(bool * Data_out,int Num) //二进制的位置进行转换；
{
	int i,j;
	static bool Temp[8]={0};
	for(i=0;i<Num/8;i++)
	{
		Bitcopy(Temp,Data_out,Num/8);
		for(j=0;j<Num/8;j++)
		{
			Data_out[j]=Temp[Num/8-1-j];
		}
		Data_out+=Num/8;
	}
}
void ByteToBit( bool * Data_out,char * Data_in,int Num) //字节转位
{
	int i,j; 
	for(i=0;i<Num;i++)
	{
		Data_out[i]=(Data_in[i/8]>>(i%8))&0x01;
	}
 //Change_bit(Data_out,Num);
}
void BitToHex(char * Data_out, bool * Data_in,int Num) //二进制转十六进制
{
	int i;
	for(i=0;i<Num/4;i++)
	{
		Data_out[i]=0;
	}
	for(i=0;i<Num/4;i++)
	{
		Data_out[i]=Data_in[4*i]+Data_in[4*i+1]*2+Data_in[4*i+2]*4+Data_in[4*i+3]*8;
		if(Data_out[i]%16>9)
		{
			Data_out[i]=Data_out[i]%16+'7';
		}
		else
			Data_out[i]=Data_out[i]%16+'0';
	}
}
void HexToBit(bool * Data_out,char * Data_in,int Num) //十六进制转二进制
{
	int i;
	for(i=0;i<Num;i++)
	{
		if(Data_in[i/4]<='9')
		{
			Data_out[i]=((Data_in[i/4]-'0')>>(i%4))&0x01;
		}
		else
		{
			Data_out[i]=((Data_in[i/4]-'7')>>(i%4))&0x01;
		}
	}
}
void BitToByte(char My_message[8],bool * Message_in,int Num) //位转换成字节
{
	int i=0;
	for(i=0;i<(Num/8);i++)
	{
		My_message[i]=0;
	} 
	for(i=0;i<Num;i++)
	{
		My_message[i/8]|=Message_in[i]<<(i%8); 
	}  
}
void TableReplace( bool *Data_out, bool * Data_in,const char *Table ,int Num) // 置换算法
{
	int i=0;
	static bool Temp[256]={0};
	for(i=0;i<Num;i++)
	{
		Temp[i]=Data_in[Table[i]-1];
	}
	Bitcopy(Data_out,Temp,Num);
}
void Loop_bit(bool * Data_out,int movstep,int len)
{
	static bool Temp[256]={0};
	Bitcopy(Temp,Data_out,movstep);
	Bitcopy(Data_out,Data_out+movstep,len-movstep);
	Bitcopy(Data_out+len-movstep,Temp,movstep);
}
void Xor(bool * Message_out,bool * Message_in,int Num)//执行异或
{
	int i;
	for(i=0;i<Num;i++)
	{
		Message_out[i]=Message_out[i]^Message_in[i];
	}
}
void SetKey(char My_key[8])
{
	int i,j;
 static bool Key_bit[64]={0}; //Key的二进制缓存；
 static bool *Key_bit_L,*Key_bit_R;
 Key_bit_L=&Key_bit[0]; //key的左边28位；
 Key_bit_R=&Key_bit[28]; //key的右边28位；
 ByteToBit(Key_bit,My_key,64);
 TableReplace(Key_bit,Key_bit,PC1_Table,56);//pc-1 置换
 for(i=0;i<16;i++)
 {
 	Loop_bit(Key_bit_L,Move_Table[i],28);
 	Loop_bit(Key_bit_R,Move_Table[i],28);
  TableReplace(SubKey[i],Key_bit,PC2_Table,48);//pc-2置换
}
}
void S_change(bool * Data_out, bool * Data_in) //S盒变换
{
	int i;
 int r=0,c=0;//S盒的行和列；
 for(i=0;i<8;i++,Data_in=Data_in+6,Data_out=Data_out+4)
 {
 	r=Data_in[0]*2+Data_in[5]*1;
 	c=Data_in[1]*8+Data_in[2]*4+Data_in[3]*2+Data_in[4]*1;
 	ByteToBit(Data_out,&S_Box[i][r][c],4);
 } 
}
void F_change(bool Data_out[32],bool Data_in[48])   // f函数；
{
	int i;
 static bool Message_E[48]={0};  //存放E置换的结果；
 TableReplace(Message_E,Data_out,E_Table,48);//E表置换
 Xor(Message_E,Data_in,48);
 S_change(Data_out,Message_E);                 // S盒变换
 TableReplace(Data_out,Data_out,P_Table,32);  //P置换
}
void Run_Des(char My_message[8],char HexMssage[16])//des轮加密算法；
{
	int i; 
	static bool Message_bit[64]={0};
	static bool *Message_bit_L=&Message_bit[0],*Message_bit_R=&Message_bit[32];
	static bool Temp[32]={0};
	ByteToBit(Message_bit,My_message,64);
	TableReplace(Message_bit,Message_bit,IP_Table,64);
	for(i=0;i<16;i++)
	{
		Bitcopy(Temp,Message_bit_R,32);
		F_change(Message_bit_R,SubKey[i]); 
		Xor(Message_bit_R,Message_bit_L,32);
		Bitcopy(Message_bit_L,Temp,32);
	}
	TableReplace(Message_bit,Message_bit,IPR_Table,64);
 BitToHex(HexMssage,Message_bit,64);//二进制转换成十六进制；
}
void Run_desDes(char My_message[8],char HexMessage[16])// DES轮解密算法；
{
	int i=0;
	static bool Message_bit[64]={0};
	static bool * Message_bit_L=&Message_bit[0], * Message_bit_R=&Message_bit[32];
	static bool Temp[32]={0};
	HexToBit(Message_bit,HexMessage,64);
	TableReplace(Message_bit,Message_bit,IP_Table,64);
	for(i=15;i>=0;i--)
	{
		Bitcopy(Temp,Message_bit_L,32);
		F_change(Message_bit_L,SubKey[i]); 
		Xor(Message_bit_L,Message_bit_R,32);
		Bitcopy(Message_bit_R,Temp,32);
	}
	TableReplace(Message_bit,Message_bit,IPR_Table,64);
	BitToByte(My_message,Message_bit,64);
}

代码参考地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jikexianfeng/p/10192024.html

3、测试结果

代码测试环境如下：

运行结果如下：