CentOS7 安装 Python3

在centos上安装python环境，由于centos自带python2.7，而且安装其他包要依赖于python2.7，所以需安装python3.6与之共存

1. 准备编译环境

yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel  openssl-devel ncurses-devel

2. 下载所需的python版本，这里以3.6.5为例

wget --no-check-certificate https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz

3. 创建安装目录

sudo mkdir /usr/local/python3

4. 解压

tar -zxvf Python-3.6.5.tgz

# 切换到解压后的根目录
cd Python-3.6.5/

5. 编译安装

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations
make
make install

--enable-optimizations配置项用于提高Python安装后的性能，但是会导致安装慢，只需要慢慢等待就好

6. 创建python3与pip3的软连接

#python3软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6  /usr/bin/python3

#pip3软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3  /usr/bin/pip3

#升级pip3
pip3 install --upgrade pip

到这，python3.6就安装完成了