四、使用OpenCV自己实现：加噪、平滑、锐化

点击链接→【数字图像处理】简单实践汇总

1. 加噪

	srand((int)time(0));
	srcImage = imread("src.jpg", 0);
	imshow(WIMDOW_NAME, srcImage);
	//加噪
	Mat addImage = imread("3.jpg", 0);
	for (int i = 0; i < addImage.rows; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < addImage.cols; j++)
		{
			if (rand() % 20 == 1)//范围是0-32767，除以20余1的概率约5%
			{
				addImage.at<uchar>(i, j) = 255;
			}
		}
	}
	imshow("加噪", addImage);

2. 平滑

• 平滑用的是最简单的均值滤波器：
  $$\frac{1}{9}\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& 1& 1\\ 1& 1& 1\\ 1& 1& 1\end{array}\right]$$

	//平滑
	Mat pinghuaImage = imread("addImage.jpg", 0);
	for (int i = 1; i < pinghuaImage.rows-1; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 1; j < pinghuaImage.cols-1; j++)
		{
			pinghuaImage.at<uchar>(i, j) = (addImage.at<uchar>(i - 1, j - 1)
										  + addImage.at<uchar>(i - 1, j    )
										  + addImage.at<uchar>(i - 1, j + 1)
										  + addImage.at<uchar>(i    , j - 1)
										  + addImage.at<uchar>(i    , j    )
										  + addImage.at<uchar>(i    , j + 1)
										  + addImage.at<uchar>(i + 1, j - 1)
										  + addImage.at<uchar>(i + 1, j    )
										  + addImage.at<uchar>(i + 1, j + 1))/9;
		}
	}
	imshow("平滑", pinghuaImage);

3. 加噪锐化

• 锐化用的是一种Roberts算法（交叉差分），可以发现竖边缘：
  $$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0& 0& 0\\ 0& 1& -1\\ 0& 1& -1\end{array}\right]$$

	Mat ruihuaImage = imread("addImage.jpg", 0);
	for (int i = 0; i < ruihuaImage.rows - 1; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < ruihuaImage.cols - 1; j++)
		{
			ruihuaImage.at<uchar>(i, j) = abs(ruihuaImage.at<uchar>(i, j) - ruihuaImage.at<uchar>(i + 1, j + 1))
									    + abs(ruihuaImage.at<uchar>(i + 1, j) - ruihuaImage.at<uchar>(i, j + 1));
		}
	}

4. 原图锐化

	//原图锐化
	Mat ruihuaImage2 = imread("3.jpg", 0);
	for (int i = 0; i < ruihuaImage2.rows - 1; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < ruihuaImage2.cols - 1; j++)
		{
			ruihuaImage2.at<uchar>(i, j) = abs(ruihuaImage2.at<uchar>(i, j) - ruihuaImage2.at<uchar>(i + 1, j + 1))
				                         + abs(ruihuaImage2.at<uchar>(i + 1, j) - ruihuaImage2.at<uchar>(i, j + 1));
		}
	}
	imshow("原图锐化", ruihuaImage2);