5.绘制统计图形——堆积图

堆积图顾名思义就是将若干统计图形堆叠起来的统计图形，自然是一种组合式图形。

1.堆积柱状图

如果将函数bar（）中的参数bottom的取值设定为列表y，列表y1=[2,6,3,8,5]代表另一套试卷的份数，函数bar（x，y1，bottom=y，color=“r”）就会输出堆积柱状图。

import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

mpl.rcParams["font.sans-serif"]=["SimHei"]
mpl.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"]=False

# some simple data
x = [1,2,3,4,5]
y = [60,10,4,5,1]
y1 = [2,6,3,8,5]

# create bar
plt.bar(x,y,align="center",color="#66c2a5",tick_label=["A","B","C","D","E"],label="班级A")
plt.bar(x,y1,align="center",bottom=y,color="#8da0cb",label="班级B")
# set x,y_axis label
plt.xlabel("测试难度")
plt.ylabel("试卷份数")

# set yaxis grid
plt.legend()

plt.show()

2.堆积条形图

如果将函数barh（）中的参数

import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

mpl.rcParams["font.sans-serif"]=["SimHei"]
mpl.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"]=False

# some simple data
x = [1,2,3,4,5]
y = [60,10,4,5,1]
y1 = [2,6,3,8,5]

# create bar
plt.barh(x,y,align="center",color="#66c2a5",tick_label=["A","B","C","D","E"],label="班级A")
plt.barh(x,y1,align="center",left=y,color="#8da0cb",label="班级B")
# set x,y_axis label
plt.xlabel("测试难度")
plt.ylabel("试卷份数")

# set yaxis grid
plt.legend()

plt.show()