POJ 1905 Expanding Rods

 Expanding Rods

Time Limit: 500 MS      Memory Limit: 32768 KB      64bit IO Format: %lld & %llu

Submit  Status

Description

When a thin rod of length L is heated n degrees, it expands to a new length L' = (1+n*C)*L, where C is the coefficient of heat expansion.

When a thin rod is mounted on two solid walls and then heated, it expands and takes the shape of a circular segment, the original rod being the chord of the segment.

Your task is to compute the distance by which the center of the rod is displaced. That means you have to calculate h as in the picture.

Input

Input starts with an integer T (≤ 20), denoting the number of test cases.

Each case contains three non-negative real numbers: the initial length of the rod in millimeters L, the temperature change in degrees n and the coefficient of heat expansion of the material C. Input data guarantee that no rod expands by more than one half of its original length. All the numbers will be between 0 and 1000 and there can be at most 5 digits after the decimal point.

Output

For each case, print the case number and the displacement of the center of the rod in single line. Errors less than 10^-6 will be ignored.

Sample Input

3

1000 100 0.0001

150 10 0.00006

10 0 0.001

Sample Output

Case 1: 61.3289915

Case 2: 2.2502024857

Case 3: 0

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思路：对弧长所对应的半角进行二分，将半径表示出来，再根据弧长=角度*半径，比较弧长大小；

代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define PI 3.1415926
int main()
{
	int t;
	double L,n,c;
	scanf("%d",&t);
	int k=1;
	while(t--)
	{
		scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&L,&n,&c);
		double L1=(1+n*c)*L;
		double l=0,r=PI/2.0;
		int size=100;
		while(size--)
		{
			double mid=(l+r)/2.0;
			if(L*mid/sin(mid)>L1)
			{
				r=mid;
			}
			else
			{
				l=mid;
			}
		}
		printf("Case %d: %.7lf\n",k++,0.5*L/sin(l)-0.5*L/tan(l));
	}
	return 0;
}