STM32-Arduino编程 TIM定时器

环境说明

开发软件：vscode+PlatformIO
操作系统：win10
开发板：STM32F103C8T6

使用Arduino开发STM32原因

STM32开发比较常用的软件有Keil和STM32Cube，但是用过的同学都应该发现这两款软件对于新手不怎么友好，需要花费很长的时间才能做到入门。特别是在开发一些比较复杂的程序时，比如植入freertos，安排几个任务，能把人给折磨死。与Keil和STM32Cube相同的的是，STM32-Arduino也是采用的库函数开发，并不存在低人一等的说法。当然需要承认的是相比于寄存器开发的程序还是要差一点的。STM32-Arduino在库函数得到基础上进一步的封装，可以大大的降低程序中出现的配置出错的问题，让新手的同学可以更快的开发出高质量的STM32的程序。

直接开始操作

首先打开platformIO，创建工程。

工程名称随便，要设定好对应的开发板。我这里使用的是开发板STM32F103C8T6。如果需要使用其他的板子，在创建工程时设定好对应的板子即可。

工程创建好之后，在Libraries中搜索TimerInterrupt，便可以找到STM32_TimerInterrupt库，将其加入到STM32_TIM的工程中。

在STM32_TimerInterrupt库中找到例程

/****************************************************************************************************************************
  TimerInterruptLEDDemo.ino
  For STM32 boards
  Written by Khoi Hoang
  
  Built by Khoi Hoang https://github.com/khoih-prog/STM32_TimerInterrupt
  Licensed under MIT license
  
  Now even you use all these new 16 ISR-based timers,with their maximum interval practically unlimited (limited only by
  unsigned long miliseconds), you just consume only one STM32 timer and avoid conflicting with other cores' tasks.
  The accuracy is nearly perfect compared to software timers. The most important feature is they're ISR-based timers
  Therefore, their executions are not blocked by bad-behaving functions / tasks.
  This important feature is absolutely necessary for mission-critical tasks.
  
  Based on SimpleTimer - A timer library for Arduino.
  Author: mromani@ottotecnica.com
  Copyright (c) 2010 OTTOTECNICA Italy
  
  Based on BlynkTimer.h
  Author: Volodymyr Shymanskyy
  
  Version: 1.2.0
  
  Version Modified By   Date      Comments
  ------- -----------  ---------- -----------
  1.0.0   K Hoang      30/10/2020 Initial coding
  1.0.1   K Hoang      06/11/2020 Add complicated example ISR_16_Timers_Array using all 16 independent ISR Timers.
  1.1.1   K.Hoang      06/12/2020 Add complex examples. Bump up version to sync with other TimerInterrupt Libraries
  1.2.0   K.Hoang      08/01/2021 Add better debug feature. Optimize code and examples to reduce RAM usage
*****************************************************************************************************************************/

/*
   Notes:
   Special design is necessary to share data between interrupt code and the rest of your program.
   Variables usually need to be "volatile" types. Volatile tells the compiler to avoid optimizations that assume
   variable can not spontaneously change. Because your function may change variables while your program is using them,
   the compiler needs this hint. But volatile alone is often not enough.
   When accessing shared variables, usually interrupts must be disabled. Even with volatile,
   if the interrupt changes a multi-byte variable between a sequence of instructions, it can be read incorrectly.
   If your data is multiple variables, such as an array and a count, usually interrupts need to be disabled
   or the entire sequence of your code which accesses the data.
*/

#if !( defined(STM32F0) || defined(STM32F1) || defined(STM32F2) || defined(STM32F3)  ||defined(STM32F4) || defined(STM32F7) || \
       defined(STM32L0) || defined(STM32L1) || defined(STM32L4) || defined(STM32H7)  ||defined(STM32G0) || defined(STM32G4) || \
       defined(STM32WB) || defined(STM32MP1) )
  #error This code is designed to run on STM32F/L/H/G/WB/MP1 platform! Please check your Tools->Board setting.
#endif

// These define's must be placed at the beginning before #include "STM32TimerInterrupt.h"
// _TIMERINTERRUPT_LOGLEVEL_ from 0 to 4
// Don't define _TIMERINTERRUPT_LOGLEVEL_ > 0. Only for special ISR debugging only. Can hang the system.
// Don't define TIMER_INTERRUPT_DEBUG > 2. Only for special ISR debugging only. Can hang the system.
#define TIMER_INTERRUPT_DEBUG         0
#define _TIMERINTERRUPT_LOGLEVEL_     0

#include "STM32TimerInterrupt.h"

#ifndef LED_BUILTIN
  #define LED_BUILTIN       PC13              // Pin 33/PB0 control on-board LED_GREEN on F767ZI
#endif

#ifndef LED_BLUE
  #define LED_BLUE          PB7               // Pin 73/PB7 control on-board LED_BLUE on F767ZI
#endif

#ifndef LED_RED
  #define LED_RED           PB14              // Pin 74/PB14 control on-board LED_BLUE on F767ZI
#endif
   
#include "STM32TimerInterrupt.h"
#include "STM32_ISR_Timer.h"

#define TIMER_INTERVAL_MS         100
#define HW_TIMER_INTERVAL_MS      50

// Depending on the board, you can select STM32 Hardware Timer from TIM1-TIM22
// For example, F767ZI can select Timer from TIM1-TIM14
// If you select a Timer not correctly, you'll get a message from ci[ompiler
// 'TIMxx' was not declared in this scope; did you mean 'TIMyy'? 

// Init STM32 timer TIM1
STM32Timer ITimer(TIM1);

// Init STM32_ISR_Timer
// Each STM32_ISR_Timer can service 16 different ISR-based timers
STM32_ISR_Timer ISR_Timer;

#define TIMER_INTERVAL_0_5S           500L
#define TIMER_INTERVAL_1S             1000L
#define TIMER_INTERVAL_1_5S           1500L

void TimerHandler()
{
  ISR_Timer.run();
}

// In STM32, avoid doing something fancy in ISR, for example complex Serial.print with String() argument
// The pure simple Serial.prints here are just for demonstration and testing. Must be eliminate in working environment
// Or you can get this run-time error / crash
void doingSomething1()
{
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, !digitalRead(LED_BUILTIN));
}

void doingSomething2()
{
  //digitalWrite(LED_BLUE, !digitalRead(LED_BLUE));
}
void doingSomething3()
{
  //digitalWrite(LED_RED, !digitalRead(LED_RED));
}

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial);

  delay(100);

  Serial.print(F("\nStarting TimerInterruptLEDDemo on ")); Serial.println(BOARD_NAME);
  Serial.println(STM32_TIMER_INTERRUPT_VERSION);
  Serial.print(F("CPU Frequency = ")); Serial.print(F_CPU / 1000000); Serial.println(F(" MHz"));

  // Instantiate HardwareTimer object. Thanks to 'new' instanciation, HardwareTimer is not destructed when setup() function is finished.
  //HardwareTimer *MyTim = new HardwareTimer(Instance);

  // configure pin in output mode
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_BLUE,     OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_RED,      OUTPUT);

  // Interval in microsecs
  if (ITimer.attachInterruptInterval(HW_TIMER_INTERVAL_MS * 1000, TimerHandler))
  {
    Serial.print(F("Starting ITimer OK, millis() = ")); Serial.println(millis());
  }
  else
    Serial.println(F("Can't set ITimer. Select another freq. or timer"));

  // Just to demonstrate, don't use too many ISR Timers if not absolutely necessary
  // You can use up to 16 timer for each ISR_Timer
  ISR_Timer.setInterval(TIMER_INTERVAL_0_5S,  doingSomething1);
  ISR_Timer.setInterval(TIMER_INTERVAL_1S,    doingSomething2);
  ISR_Timer.setInterval(TIMER_INTERVAL_1_5S,  doingSomething3);
}


void loop()
{
  /* Nothing to do all is done by hardware. Even no interrupt required. */
}

该程序是绑定库函数中地定时器1完成的，与Keil使用库函数调用的定时器的效果相同。