【opencv机器视觉识别钢板层数备忘录】

原图:

首先想到的是基于边缘检测或者阈值分割的方法进行检测:


#include<opencv2\opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

Mat org, dst, img, tmp;

void on_mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void *)
{
	static Point pre_pt = (-1, -1);
	static Point cur_pt = (-1, -1);

	if (event == CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN) {
		pre_pt = Point(x, y);
	}

	else if (event == CV_EVENT_MOUSEMOVE && flags)//摁下左键,flags为1 
	{
		org.copyTo(tmp);
		cur_pt = Point(x, y);
		rectangle(tmp, pre_pt, cur_pt, Scalar(0, 255, 0, 0), 1, 8, 0);
		imshow("img", tmp);//画的时候显示框
	}else if (event == CV_EVENT_LBUTTONUP) {

		org.copyTo(img);
		//cur_pt = Point(x, y);
		rectangle(img, pre_pt, cur_pt, Scalar(0, 255, 0, 0), 1, 8, 0);
		imshow("img", img);//画完后显示框

						   //img.copyTo(tmp);
		int width = abs(pre_pt.x - cur_pt.x);
		int height = abs(pre_pt.y - cur_pt.y);
		dst = org(Rect(min(cur_pt.x, pre_pt.x), min(cur_pt.y, pre_pt.y), width, height));
		namedWindow("dst");
		imshow("dst", dst);
	}
}


void main() {

	org = imread("123.jpg");
	org.copyTo(img);
	namedWindow("img");
	setMouseCallback("img", on_mouse, 0);
	imshow("img", img);
	waitKey();

	Mat src_gray;
	cvtColor(dst, src_gray, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	Mat src_canny;
	Canny(src_gray, src_canny, 120, 200);
	//threshold(src_gray, src_canny, 60, 255, THRESH_OTSU);
	//边缘检测  
	imshow("edge img", src_canny);
	waitKey();

	//霍夫直线检测  
	vector<Vec4f> line_data;
	HoughLinesP(src_canny, line_data, 1, CV_PI / 180.0, 80, 10, 20);    //把得到的直线显示在图中  
	Scalar color = Scalar(255, 0, 0);
	for (size_t i = 0; i < line_data.size(); i++) {
		Vec4f temp = line_data[i];
		line(dst, Point(temp[0], temp[1]), Point(temp[2], temp[3]), color, 2);
	}
	imshow("houghLinesP img", dst);

	waitKey(0);


}

效果差强人意,待优化:

 

 

第二种方法:根据边缘灰度分布,我们要了解,每个分割线一定会有一个有0-255-0的灰度变换,每隔灰度变化代表一层,根据这个原理进行自上而下遍历查找灰度变化会准确很多。

#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

Mat src; Mat src_gray;
int thresh = 221;
int max_thresh = 255;
RNG rng(12345);
int inti = 20;
int max_inti = 200;
/// Function header
void thresh_callback(int, void*);

/** @function main */
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    src = imread("123捕获.PNG");
	cvtColor(src, src_gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	char* source_window = "Source";
	namedWindow(source_window, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow(source_window, src_gray);



	createTrackbar(" Threshold:", "Source", &thresh, max_thresh, thresh_callback);
	
	createTrackbar(" Thresholdcols:", "Source", &inti, max_inti, thresh_callback);
	thresh_callback(0, 0);
	waitKey(0);
	return(0);
}

/** @function thresh_callback */
void thresh_callback(int, void*)
{
	Mat threshold_output;
	//Mat kernel = (Mat_<float>(3, 3) << 0, -1, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, -1, 0);
	//filter2D(src_gray, src_gray, CV_8UC3, kernel);
	equalizeHist(src_gray, threshold_output);
	//resize(src_gray, src_gray, Size(512, 300),INTER_LINEAR);
	threshold(threshold_output, threshold_output, thresh, 255, THRESH_BINARY);

	int b = 0;
	for (int i = 1;i < threshold_output.rows;i++) {

		if ((threshold_output.at<uchar>(i, inti) == 255 && threshold_output.at<uchar>(i + 1, inti) < 10) || ((threshold_output.at<uchar>(i, inti) == 255 && threshold_output.at<uchar>(i - 1, inti) < 10))) {
			b++;
		}
	}
	cout << (b / 2) + 1 << endl;

	/// 结果在窗体中显示
	namedWindow("Contours", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Contours", threshold_output);
}

 代码二:

#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

Mat src; Mat src_gray;
int thresh = 221;
int max_thresh = 255;
RNG rng(12345);
int inti = 20;
int max_inti = 200;
/// Function header
void thresh_callback(int, void*);
void thresh_callback1(int, void*);
/** @function main */
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    src = imread("123捕获.PNG");
	cvtColor(src, src_gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	char* source_window = "Source";
	namedWindow(source_window, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow(source_window, src_gray);



	createTrackbar(" Threshold:", "Source", &thresh, max_thresh, thresh_callback);
	thresh_callback(0, 0);
	createTrackbar(" Thresholdcols:", "Source", &inti, max_inti, thresh_callback1);
	thresh_callback1(0, 0);
	waitKey(0);
	return(0);
}

/** @function thresh_callback */
void thresh_callback(int, void*)
{
	Mat threshold_output;
	//Mat kernel = (Mat_<float>(3, 3) << 0, -1, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, -1, 0);
	//filter2D(src_gray, src_gray, CV_8UC3, kernel);
	equalizeHist(src_gray, threshold_output);
	//resize(src_gray, src_gray, Size(512, 300),INTER_LINEAR);
	threshold(threshold_output, threshold_output, thresh, 255, THRESH_BINARY);

	int b = 0;
	for (int i = 1;i < threshold_output.rows;i++) {

		if ((threshold_output.at<uchar>(i, inti) == 255 && threshold_output.at<uchar>(i + 1, inti) < 10) || ((threshold_output.at<uchar>(i, inti) == 255 && threshold_output.at<uchar>(i - 1, inti) < 10))) {
			b++;
		}
	}
	cout << (b / 2) + 1 << endl;

	/// 结果在窗体中显示
	namedWindow("Contours", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Contours", threshold_output);
}
void thresh_callback1(int, void*)
{
	Mat threshold_output;
	//Mat kernel = (Mat_<float>(3, 3) << 0, -1, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, -1, 0);
	//filter2D(src_gray, src_gray, CV_8UC3, kernel);
	equalizeHist(src_gray, threshold_output);
	//resize(src_gray, src_gray, Size(512, 300),INTER_LINEAR);
	threshold(threshold_output, threshold_output, thresh, 255, THRESH_BINARY);

	int b = 0;
	for (int i = 1;i < threshold_output.rows;i++) {

		if ((threshold_output.at<uchar>(i, inti) == 255 && threshold_output.at<uchar>(i + 1, inti) < 10) || ((threshold_output.at<uchar>(i, inti) == 255 && threshold_output.at<uchar>(i - 1, inti) < 10))) {
			b++;
		}
	}
	cout << (b / 2) + 1 << endl;

	/// 结果在窗体中显示
	namedWindow("Contours", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Contours", threshold_output);
}

代码三:


#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

Mat src; Mat src_gray;
int thresh = 221;
int max_thresh = 255;
RNG rng(12345);
int inti = 20;
int max_inti = 200;
/// Function header
	/** @function thresh_callback */
	void thresh_callback(int, void*)
	{
		Mat threshold_output;
		//Mat kernel = (Mat_<float>(3, 3) << 0, -1, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, -1, 0);
		//filter2D(src_gray, src_gray, CV_8UC3, kernel);
		equalizeHist(src_gray, threshold_output);
		//resize(src_gray, src_gray, Size(512, 300),INTER_LINEAR);
		threshold(threshold_output, threshold_output, thresh, 255, THRESH_BINARY);

		int b = 0;
		for (int i = 1;i < threshold_output.rows;i++) {

			if ((threshold_output.at<uchar>(i, inti) == 255 && threshold_output.at<uchar>(i + 1, inti) < 10) || ((threshold_output.at<uchar>(i, inti) == 255 && threshold_output.at<uchar>(i - 1, inti) < 10))) {
				b++;
			}
		}
		cout << (b / 2) + 1 << endl;

		/// 结果在窗体中显示
		namedWindow("Contours", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
		imshow("Contours", threshold_output);
	}

    Mat org, dst, img, tmp;


	void on_mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void *)

	{

		static Point pre_pt = (-1, -1);

		static Point cur_pt = (-1, -1);

		if (event == CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)

		{
			pre_pt = Point(x, y);

		}

		else if (event == CV_EVENT_MOUSEMOVE && flags)//摁下左键,flags为1 

		{

			org.copyTo(tmp);

			cur_pt = Point(x, y);

			rectangle(tmp, pre_pt, cur_pt, Scalar(0, 255, 0, 0), 1, 8, 0);

			imshow("img", tmp);//画的时候显示框

		}

		else if (event == CV_EVENT_LBUTTONUP)

		{

			org.copyTo(img);

			//cur_pt = Point(x, y);

			rectangle(img, pre_pt, cur_pt, Scalar(0, 255, 0, 0), 1, 8, 0);

			imshow("img", img);//画完后显示框

							   //img.copyTo(tmp);

			int width = abs(pre_pt.x - cur_pt.x);

			int height = abs(pre_pt.y - cur_pt.y);

			dst = org(Rect(min(cur_pt.x, pre_pt.x), min(cur_pt.y, pre_pt.y), width, height));

			namedWindow("dst");

			imshow("dst", dst);

		}

	}

	void main(){

		org = imread("123捕获.PNG");

		org.copyTo(img);

		namedWindow("img");
		imshow("img", img);
		setMouseCallback("img", on_mouse, 0);
		waitKey();
		cvtColor(dst, src_gray, CV_BGR2GRAY);
		char* source_window = "Source";
		namedWindow(source_window, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
		imshow(source_window, src_gray);



		createTrackbar(" Threshold:", "Source", &thresh, max_thresh, thresh_callback);

		createTrackbar(" Thresholdcols:", "Source", &inti, max_inti, thresh_callback);
		thresh_callback(0, 0);
		waitKey(0);

	}

第三种算法:钢板厚度相同,每片所占的像素数量相同,计算单个像素厚度,在计算总数目。

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