Machine Learning in Action 这本书中算法的实现
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from numpy import*
import operator
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from os import listdir
def createDataSet():#生成训练集
group=array([[1.0,1.1],[1.0,1.0],[0,0],[0,0.1]])
labels=['A','A','B','B']
return group,labels
group,labels=createDataSet()
# print group,labels
def classify0(inX,dataSet,labels,k):#kNN算法
dataSetSize=dataSet.shape[0]
diffMat=tile(inX,(dataSetSize,1))-dataSet
# print diffMat
sqDiffMat=diffMat**2
sqDistances=sqDiffMat.sum(axis=1)
# print sqDistances
distances=sqDistances**0.5
sortedDistIndicies=distances.argsort()
#print distances,sortedDistIndicies
classCount={}
for i in range(k):
voteIlabel=labels[sortedDistIndicies[i]]
classCount[voteIlabel]=classCount.get(voteIlabel,0)+1
# print classCount
sortedClassCount=sorted(classCount.iteritems(),
key=operator.itemgetter(1),reverse=True)
# print sortedClassCount
return sortedClassCount[0][0]
def file2matrix(filename): #从文件读数据
fr=open(filename)
arrayOLines=fr.readlines()#读出每一行
#print(arrayOLines)
numberOfLines=len(arrayOLines)#行数
returnMat=zeros((numberOfLines,3))#0矩阵Numpy
classLabelVector=[]
index=0
for line in arrayOLines:
line=line.strip() #去掉回车
#print line
listFromLine=line.split('\t') #把整行数据分割为元素列表
#print listFromLine
returnMat[index,:]=listFromLine[0:3]
classLabelVector.append(int(listFromLine[-1])) #-1为最后一列
index+=1
return returnMat,classLabelVector
def autuNorm(dataSet): #数据正则化:new=(old-min)/(max-min)
minVals=dataSet.min(0)
maxVals=dataSet.max(0)
#print maxVals
ranges=maxVals-minVals
normDataSet=zeros(shape(dataSet))
m=dataSet.shape[0]
normDataSet=dataSet-tile(minVals,(m,1))
normDataSet=normDataSet/tile(ranges,(m,1))
return normDataSet,ranges,minVals
def datingClassTest(): #测试训练集精度
hoRatio=0.10
datingDataMat,datingLables=file2matrix('datingTestSet2.txt')
normMat,ranges,minVals=autuNorm(datingDataMat)
m=normMat.shape[0]
numTestVecs=int(m*hoRatio)
errorCount=0.0
for i in range(numTestVecs):
classifierResult=classify0(normMat[i,:],normMat[numTestVecs:m,:],\
datingLabels[numTestVecs:m],3)
print "result: %d ,real: %d"\
%(classifierResult,datingLabels[i])
if(classifierResult!=datingLabels[i]):errorCount+=1.0
print"error rates %f" %(errorCount/float(numTestVecs))
def img2vector(filename): #将32*32的图像数据转换为一行的向量
returnVect=zeros((1,1024))
fr=open(filename)
for i in range(32):
lineStr=fr.readline()
for j in range(32):
returnVect[0,32*i+j]=int(lineStr[j])
return returnVect
def handwritingClassTest(): #手写数字识别
hwLabels = []
trainingFileList = listdir('trainingDigits')
m = len(trainingFileList)
trainingMat = zeros((m,1024))
for i in range(m):
fileNameStr = trainingFileList[i]
fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]
classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])
hwLabels.append(classNumStr)
trainingMat[i,:] = img2vector('trainingDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)
testFileList = listdir('testDigits')
errorCount = 0.0
mTest = len(testFileList)
for i in range(mTest):
fileNameStr = testFileList[i]
fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]
classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])
vectorUnderTest = img2vector('testDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)
classifierResult = classify0(vectorUnderTest, trainingMat, hwLabels, 3)
print "the classifier came back with: %d, the real answer is: %d" % (classifierResult, classNumStr)
if (classifierResult != classNumStr): errorCount += 1.0
print "\nthe total number of errors is: %d" % errorCount
print "\nthe total error rate is: %f" % (errorCount/float(mTest))
#print classify0([0,0],group,labels,3)
datingDataMat,datingLabels=file2matrix('datingTestSet2.txt')
# 画出图像分析数据特征
# fig=plt.figure()
# ax=fig.add_subplot(111)
# ax.scatter(datingDataMat[:,1],datingDataMat[:,2],15.0*array(datingLabels),
# 15.0*array(datingLabels))
# plt.show()
#datingClassTest()
handwritingClassTest()