设计模式 --工厂模式

Go to 简书

1. 简单工厂

• 简单工厂只有一个工厂
• 产品只有一种
• 根据类型去判断生产什么产品

工厂生产对象 – 俱乐部

public interface FootballClub {

    void fighting();

}

俱乐部 1 – 曼联

public class ManchesterUnitedClub implements FootballClub{
    @Override
    public void fighting() {
        System.out.println("MUN go go go");
    }
}

俱乐部 2 – 拜仁

public class FCBayern implements FootballClub {
    @Override
    public void fighting() {
        System.out.println("FCB fighting...");
    }
}

工厂类

public class FootballClubFactory {

    public FootballClub getFootballClub(Class<? extends FootballClub> c) {
        FootballClub footballClub = null;
        try {
            footballClub = (FootballClub) Class.forName(c.getName()).newInstance();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return footballClub;
    }

    public FootballClub getFootballClub(String type) {
        if ("MUN".equals(type)) {
            return new ManchesterUnitedClub();
        } else if ("FCB".equals(type)) {
            return new FCBayern();
        }
        return null;
    }

}

测试

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FootballClubFactory factory = new FootballClubFactory();
        FootballClub club = factory.getFootballClub("MUN");
        club.fighting();
        club = factory.getFootballClub(FCBayern.class);
        club.fighting();
    }
}

运行结果

MUN go go go
FCB fighting...

2. 工厂方法

• 也是只有一种产品
• 每个类型的产品都有自己的工厂

抽象产物 – 球衣

public abstract class Jersey {
    public abstract void keepWarm();
}

尤文球衣

public class JuvJersey extends Jersey {
    @Override
    public void keepWarm() {
        System.out.println("尤文：这球衣不保暖啊...");
    }
}

巴萨球衣

public class FCBarcelonaJersey extends Jersey {
    @Override
    public void keepWarm() {
        System.out.println("巴萨：球衣哪有保暖的...");
    }
}

球衣抽象工厂

public abstract class JerseyFactory {
    public abstract Jersey produce();
}

尤文球衣工厂

public class JuvJerseyFactory extends JerseyFactory {
    @Override
    public Jersey produce() {
        return new JuvJersey();
    }
}

巴萨球衣工厂

public class FCBarcelonaJerseyFactory extends JerseyFactory {
    @Override
    public Jersey produce() {
        return new FCBarcelonaJersey();
    }
}

测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JerseyFactory jerseyFactory = new JuvJerseyFactory();
        Jersey jersey = jerseyFactory.produce();
        jersey.keepWarm();

        jerseyFactory = new FCBarcelonaJerseyFactory();
        jersey = jerseyFactory.produce();
        jersey.keepWarm();
    }
}

运行结果

尤文：这球衣不保暖啊...
巴萨：球衣哪有保暖的...

3. 抽象工厂

• 每个工厂生产多种产品(围巾、帽子)
• 每个工厂生产的产品属于同一品牌/阵营(利物浦、巴黎)

工厂产品1 – 围巾

public abstract class Scarf {
    public abstract void keepWarm();
}

工厂产品2 – 帽子

public abstract class Hat {
    public abstract void keepWarm();
}

利物浦产品

public class LiverpoolHat extends Hat {
    @Override
    public void keepWarm() {
        System.out.println("利物浦帽子：只护头");
    }
}
public class LiverpoolScarf extends Scarf {
    @Override
    public void keepWarm() {
        System.out.println("利物浦围巾：还是只护头...");
    }
}

巴黎产品

public class ParisHat extends Hat {
    @Override
    public void keepWarm() {
        System.out.println("巴黎帽子：也是只护头!!?");
    }
}
public class ParisScarf extends Scarf {
    @Override
    public void keepWarm() {
        System.out.println("巴黎围巾：应该造点衣服...");
    }
}

俱乐部产品工厂

每个工厂都应该生产帽子和围巾两种产品

public interface ClubFactory {
    Scarf getScarf();
    Hat getHat();
}

利物浦工厂

public class LiverpoolFactory implements ClubFactory {
    @Override
    public Scarf getScarf() {
        return new LiverpoolScarf();
    }

    @Override
    public Hat getHat() {
        return new LiverpoolHat();
    }
}

巴黎工厂

public class ParisFactory implements ClubFactory {
    @Override
    public Scarf getScarf() {
        return new ParisScarf();
    }

    @Override
    public Hat getHat() {
        return new ParisHat();
    }
}

测试

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClubFactory clubFactory = new LiverpoolFactory();
        Hat hat = clubFactory.getHat();
        Scarf scarf = clubFactory.getScarf();
        hat.keepWarm();
        scarf.keepWarm();

        clubFactory = new ParisFactory();
        scarf = clubFactory.getScarf();
        hat = clubFactory.getHat();
        hat.keepWarm();
        scarf.keepWarm();
    }
}

运行结果

利物浦帽子：只护头
利物浦围巾：还是只护头...
巴黎帽子：也是只护头!!?
巴黎围巾：应该造点衣服...