socekt编程-select

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-21 12:12:26 发布

spark'code

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-21 12:12:26 发布

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文章标签：网络通信 socket

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35795046/article/details/115343078

版权

摘抄自
https://blog.csdn.net/lovekun1989/article/details/41042273
https://blog.csdn.net/Ctrl_qun/article/details/52524086
分为无select和有select版本，无select只能一个服务端一个客户端，有select能一个服务端对应多个客户端。
无select，服务端代码

/*socket tcp服务器端*/
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
 
#define SERVER_PORT 5555
 
/*
 监听后，一直处于accept阻塞状态，
 直到有客户端连接，
 当客户端如数quit后，断开与客户端的连接
 */
 
int main()
{
    //调用socket函数返回的文件描述符
    int serverSocket;
    //声明两个套接字sockaddr_in结构体变量，分别表示客户端和服务器
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    struct sockaddr_in clientAddr;
    int addr_len = sizeof(clientAddr);
    int client;
    char buffer[200];
    int iDataNum;
    
    //socket函数，失败返回-1
    //int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
    //第一个参数表示使用的地址类型，一般都是ipv4，AF_INET
    //第二个参数表示套接字类型：tcp：面向连接的稳定数据传输SOCK_STREAM
    //第三个参数设置为0
    if((serverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
    {
        perror("socket");
        return 1;
    }
 
    bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    //初始化服务器端的套接字，并用htons和htonl将端口和地址转成网络字节序
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
    //ip可是是本服务器的ip，也可以用宏INADDR_ANY代替，代表0.0.0.0，表明所有地址
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    //对于bind，accept之类的函数，里面套接字参数都是需要强制转换成(struct sockaddr *)
    //bind三个参数：服务器端的套接字的文件描述符，
    if(bind(serverSocket, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0)
    {
        perror("connect");
        return 1;
    }
    //设置服务器上的socket为监听状态
    if(listen(serverSocket, 5) < 0) 
    {
        perror("listen");
        return 1;
    }
 
    while(1)
    {
        printf("Listening on port: %d\n", SERVER_PORT);
        //调用accept函数后，会进入阻塞状态
        //accept返回一个套接字的文件描述符，这样服务器端便有两个套接字的文件描述符，
        //serverSocket和client。
        //serverSocket仍然继续在监听状态，client则负责接收和发送数据
        //clientAddr是一个传出参数，accept返回时，传出客户端的地址和端口号
        //addr_len是一个传入-传出参数，传入的是调用者提供的缓冲区的clientAddr的长度，以避免缓冲区溢出。
        //传出的是客户端地址结构体的实际长度。
        //出错返回-1
        client = accept(serverSocket, (struct sockaddr*)&clientAddr, (socklen_t*)&addr_len);
        if(client < 0)
        {
            perror("accept");
            continue;
        }
        printf("\nrecv client data...n");
        //inet_ntoa   ip地址转换函数，将网络字节序IP转换为点分十进制IP
        //表达式：char *inet_ntoa (struct in_addr);
        printf("IP is %s\n", inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr));
        printf("Port is %d\n", htons(clientAddr.sin_port));
        while(1)
        {
            iDataNum = recv(client, buffer, 1024, 0);
            if(iDataNum < 0)
            {
                perror("recv");
                continue;
            }
            buffer[iDataNum] = '\0';
            if(strcmp(buffer, "quit") == 0)
                break;
            printf("%drecv data is %s\n", iDataNum, buffer);
            send(client, buffer, iDataNum, 0);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

无select，客户端代码

/*socket tcp客户端*/
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
 
#define SERVER_PORT 5555
 
/*
 连接到服务器后，会不停循环，等待输入，
 输入quit后，断开与服务器的连接
 */
 
int main()
{
    //客户端只需要一个套接字文件描述符，用于和服务器通信
    int clientSocket;
    //描述服务器的socket
    struct sockaddr_in serverAddr;
    char sendbuf[200];
    char recvbuf[200];
    int iDataNum;
    if((clientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
    {
        perror("socket");
        return 1;
    }
 
    serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serverAddr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
    //指定服务器端的ip，本地测试：127.0.0.1
    //inet_addr()函数，将点分十进制IP转换成网络字节序IP
    serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    if(connect(clientSocket, (struct sockaddr *)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr)) < 0)
    {
        perror("connect");
        return 1;
    }
 
    printf("connect with destination host...\n");
 
    while(1)
    {
        printf("Input your world:>");
        scanf("%s", sendbuf);
        printf("\n");
 
        send(clientSocket, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf), 0);
        if(strcmp(sendbuf, "quit") == 0)
            break;
        iDataNum = recv(clientSocket, recvbuf, 200, 0);
        recvbuf[iDataNum] = '\0';
        printf("recv data of my world is: %s\n", recvbuf);
    }
    close(clientSocket);
    return 0;
}

有select，服务端代码

/*socket tcp服务器端*/
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
 
#define SERVER_PORT 5555
#define CLIENT_MAX  5
#define BUFFER_SIZE 200
 
int main()
{
    int serverSocket;
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    struct sockaddr_in clientAddr;
    int addr_len = sizeof(clientAddr);
    int client, i, ret;
    char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    char in_msg[BUFFER_SIZE];
    char recv_msg[BUFFER_SIZE];
    int iDataNum;
    int client_fds[CLIENT_MAX];

    fd_set server_fd_set;
    int max_fd = -1;
    struct timeval tv;
    
    if((serverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
    {
        perror("socket");
        return 1;
    }
 
    bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    //初始化服务器端的套接字，并用htons和htonl将端口和地址转成网络字节序
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
    //ip可是是本服务器的ip，也可以用宏INADDR_ANY代替，代表0.0.0.0，表明所有地址
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    //对于bind，accept之类的函数，里面套接字参数都是需要强制转换成(struct sockaddr *)
    //bind三个参数：服务器端的套接字的文件描述符，
    if(bind(serverSocket, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) {
        perror("connect");
        return 1;
    }
    
    if(listen(serverSocket, 5) < 0) {
        perror("listen");
        return 1;
    }

    while(1) {
        tv.tv_sec = 20;
        tv.tv_usec = 0;
        FD_ZERO(&server_fd_set);
        FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &server_fd_set);
        if (max_fd < STDIN_FILENO) {
            max_fd = STDIN_FILENO;
        }

        FD_SET(serverSocket, &server_fd_set);
        if (max_fd < serverSocket) {
            max_fd = serverSocket;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < CLIENT_MAX; i++) {
            if (client_fds[i] != 0) {
                FD_SET(client_fds[i], &server_fd_set);
                if (max_fd < client_fds[i]) {
                    max_fd = client_fds[i];
                }
            }
        }

        ret = select(max_fd + 1, &server_fd_set, NULL, NULL, &tv);
        if (ret < 0) {
            perror("select error");
            continue;
        } else if (ret == 0) {
            printf("wait ...\n");
            continue;
        } else {
            if (FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &server_fd_set)) {
                printf("send msg:");
                memset(in_msg, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
                fgets(in_msg, BUFFER_SIZE, stdin);
                if (strcmp(in_msg, "quit") == 0) {
                    exit(0);
                }

                for (i = 0; i < CLIENT_MAX; i++) {
                    if (client_fds[i] != 0) {
                        printf("send msg to [i:%d] [fd:%d]..\n", i, client_fds[i]);
                        send(client_fds[i], in_msg, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
                    }
                }
            }
            if (FD_ISSET(serverSocket, &server_fd_set)) {
                client = accept(serverSocket, (struct sockaddr*)&clientAddr, (socklen_t*)&addr_len);
                if(client > 0) {
                    int index =-1;
                    for (i = 0; i < CLIENT_MAX; i++) {
                        if (client_fds[i] == 0) {
                            client_fds[i] = client;
                            index = i;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (index >= 0) {
                        printf("add client [%d] success, %s:%d.\n", index, inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr),
                            htons(clientAddr.sin_port));
                    } else {
                        memset(in_msg, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
                        strcpy(in_msg, "add client fail, reach max client.\n");
                        send(client, in_msg, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
                        printf("add client fail, reach max client.\n");
                    }
                }
            }

            for (i = 0; i < CLIENT_MAX; i++) {
                if (client_fds[i] !=0 ) {
                    if (FD_ISSET(client_fds[i], &server_fd_set)) {
                        memset(recv_msg, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
                        iDataNum = recv(client_fds[i], recv_msg, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
                        if (iDataNum < 0) {
                            perror("recv");
                            continue;
                        } else if (iDataNum > 0) {
                            if (iDataNum > BUFFER_SIZE) {
                                iDataNum = BUFFER_SIZE;
                            }
                            recv_msg[iDataNum] = '\0';
                            printf("recv %d msg:%s.\n", client_fds[i], recv_msg);
                        } else {
                            FD_CLR(client_fds[i], &server_fd_set);
                            client_fds[i] = 0;  
                            printf("client (%d) exit.\n", i);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

有select，客户端代码

/*socket tcp客户端*/
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
 
#define SERVER_PORT 5555
 
/*
 连接到服务器后，会不停循环，等待输入，
 输入quit后，断开与服务器的连接
 */
 
int main()
{
    //客户端只需要一个套接字文件描述符，用于和服务器通信
    int clientSocket;
    //描述服务器的socket
    struct sockaddr_in serverAddr;
    char sendbuf[200];
    char recvbuf[200];
    int iDataNum;
    fd_set client_fd_set;
    struct timeval tv;
    int ret;
    
    if((clientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
    {
        perror("socket");
        return 1;
    }
 
    serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serverAddr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
    //指定服务器端的ip，本地测试：127.0.0.1
    //inet_addr()函数，将点分十进制IP转换成网络字节序IP
    serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    if(connect(clientSocket, (struct sockaddr *)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr)) < 0)
    {
        perror("connect");
        return 1;
    }
 
    printf("connect with destination host...\n");
 
    while(1)
    {
        tv.tv_sec = 20;
        tv.tv_usec = 0;
        
        FD_ZERO(&client_fd_set);  
        FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &client_fd_set);
        FD_SET(clientSocket, &client_fd_set);
        ret = select(clientSocket + 1, &client_fd_set, NULL, NULL, &tv);
        if (ret < 0) {
            perror("select error");
            continue;
        } else if (ret == 0) {
            //超时
            continue;
        } 

        if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &client_fd_set)) {
            memset(sendbuf, 0, 200);
            scanf("%s", sendbuf);
            send(clientSocket, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf), 0);
            printf("send msg: %s\n");
            if(strcmp(sendbuf, "quit") == 0) {
                break;
            }
        }

        if(FD_ISSET(clientSocket, &client_fd_set)) {
            memset(recvbuf, 0, 200);
            iDataNum = recv(clientSocket, recvbuf, 200, 0);
            if (iDataNum > 0) {
                recvbuf[iDataNum] = '\0';
                printf("recv data of my world is: %s", recvbuf);
            } else if(iDataNum < 0) {
                printf("接受消息出错!\n");
            } else {
                printf("服务器端退出!\n");
                exit(0); 
            }
        }
    }
    close(clientSocket);
    return 0;
}