插篇：SpringBoot 中的设计模式 - 监听器模式

最近在看 springboot 的源码；在关于 事件处理模块，发现了除了使用工厂模式外还是用了监听器模式。
之前没有弄过，于是拜访度娘学习了下。

简介

监听器模式有三个要素 —— 广播器、事件、监听器

广播器：用于事件注册和广播
事件：触发的操作
监听器：监听器模式的核心，定义事件发生后的动作

代码示例

事件

//定义一个天气事件抽象类；抽象类、接口随便个人喜欢
public abstract class WeatherEvent {
    public abstract String getWhether();
}

//具体天气事件-下雪
public class SnowWeatherEvent extends WeatherEvent {
    @Override
    public String getWhether() {
        return "snow";
    }
}

//具体天气事件-下雨
public class RainWeatherEvent extends WeatherEvent {
    @Override
    public String getWhether() {
        return "rain";
    }
}

监听器

//定义事件监听器接口
public interface WeatherListener {
    void onWeatherExevt(WeatherEvent weatherEvent);
}

//事件监听器实现-监听下雨事件
public class RainWeatherListener implements WeatherListener {
    @Override
    public void onWeatherExevt(WeatherEvent weatherEvent) {
        if (weatherEvent instanceof RainWeatherEvent){
            System.out.println("rain listen");
        }
    }
}

//事件监听器实现-监听下雪事件
public class SnowWeatherListener implements WeatherListener {
    @Override
    public void onWeatherExevt(WeatherEvent weatherEvent) {
        if (weatherEvent instanceof RainWeatherEvent){
            System.out.println("snow listen");
        }
    }
}

广播器

//定义事件广播器接口
public interface EventMulticaster {
	//广播事件
    void multicasterEvent(WetherEvent wetherEvent);
	//添加事件
    void addListener(WetherListener wetherListener);
	//移除事件
    void removeListener(WetherListener wetherListener);
}

//事件广播器接口实现类
public class WeatherEventMulticaster implements EventMulticaster {
	//全局：用于存储监听器
    private List<WetherListener> weatherListenerList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    public void multicasterEvent(WetherEvent wetherEvent) {
        for (WetherListener wetherListener : weatherListenerList) {
            wetherListener.onWetherExevt(wetherEvent);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void addListener(WetherListener wetherListener) {
        weatherListenerList.add(wetherListener);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeListener(WetherListener wetherListener) {
        weatherListenerList.remove(wetherListener);
    }
}

测试

public class TestListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //时间广播器
        WeatherEventMulticaster weatherEventMulticaster = new WeatherEventMulticaster();

        //创建下雨、下雪两个监听
        RainWetherListener rainWetherListener = new RainWetherListener();
        SnowWetherListener snowWetherListener = new SnowWetherListener();

        //添加监听器
        weatherEventMulticaster.addListener(rainWetherListener);
        weatherEventMulticaster.addListener(snowWetherListener);

        //下雨、下雪事件广播
        weatherEventMulticaster.multicasterEvent(new RainWetherEvent());
        weatherEventMulticaster.multicasterEvent(new SnowWetherEvent());

        System.out.println("--------------------------------------------");

        //移除下雨监听
        weatherEventMulticaster.removeListener(rainWetherListener);

        //下雨、下雪事件广播
        weatherEventMulticaster.multicasterEvent(new RainWetherEvent());
        weatherEventMulticaster.multicasterEvent(new SnowWetherEvent());
    }
}

打印结果：
rain listen
snow listen
--------------------------------------------
snow listen

这里测试使用的 TestListener 中的 main方法耦合性太高，结合 springboot 框架使用下。

//修改 WeatherEventMulticaster 广播器
@Component
public class WeatherEventMulticaster implements EventMulticaster {
	//项目启动的时候，spring会自动加载WetherListener 实现bean类，所以等会把监听器也交给spring 管理
    @Autowired
    private List<WetherListener> weatherListenerList;

    @Override
    public void multicasterEvent(WetherEvent wetherEvent) {
        for (WetherListener wetherListener : weatherListenerList) {
            wetherListener.onWetherExevt(wetherEvent);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void addListener(WetherListener wetherListener) {
        weatherListenerList.add(wetherListener);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeListener(WetherListener wetherListener) {
        weatherListenerList.remove(wetherListener);
    }
}

//加上 Component 注解，使其作为spring 的bean初始化
@Component
public class RainWetherListener implements WetherListener {
    @Override
    public void onWetherExevt(WetherEvent wetherEvent) {
        if (wetherEvent instanceof RainWetherEvent){
            System.out.println("rain listen");
        }
    }
}

@Component
public class SnowWetherListener implements WetherListener {
    @Override
    public void onWetherExevt(WetherEvent wetherEvent) {
        if (wetherEvent instanceof RainWetherEvent){
            System.out.println("snow listen");
        }
    }
}

@Component
public class WeatherRunListtener {

    @Autowired
    private WeatherEventMulticaster weatherEventMulticaster;

    public void snow(){
        weatherEventMulticaster.multicasterEvent(new SnowWetherEvent());
    }

    public void rain(){
        weatherEventMulticaster.multicasterEvent(new RainWetherEvent());
    }

}

@SpringBootApplication
public class NettyTestApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    private WeatherRunListtener weatherRunListtener;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NettyTestApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        weatherRunListtener.rain();
        weatherRunListtener.snow();
    }
}