一、 填空
1. Ethologists are now seriously considering crediting some nonhuman animals not just with raw, basic emotional states but also with __________ ones, including envy and empathy.
A inappropriate
B interchangeable
C predictable
D mundane
E subtler
【参考解析】not just...but also表并列,并且前后存在递进的程度差别,前面说一些raw/basic的emotion,后面是一些更微妙(与比raw,basic更高级或精确)的情感,解释说明的envy、empathy也都是比较细微的情感。只有subtle合适。
【参考翻译】现在,民族学家正在认真考虑将一些非人类动物归功于原始的,基本的情感状态,还要考虑更微妙的动物,包括嫉妒和同理心。
2. In conversations with Vivian, one received the impression that she had access to an infinite store of __________, short, pithy, and wise.
A dictums
B bromides
C monologues
D aphorisms
E theorems
F platitudes
解析:空格取同pithy、wise即可,则答案选择AD。
翻译:在与V的对话中,人们得到的印象是,她可以获得无限的意义,简短,精辟和明智。
3. This carefully crafted novel took six years to write and is clearly a product of __________ art, but it still manages to possess the flame of spontaneity and the grit of independence.
A naïve
B extemporaneous
C impetuous
D sedulous
E serendipitous
解析:这题通过and前后取同,空格取同took six years to write即可,答案选择sedulous。
翻译:这本精心制作的小说花了六年时间写作,显然是很勤奋、周到的艺术产物,但它仍然设法拥有自发性的火焰和独立的勇气。
4. Given that Hefele was obviously sophisticated and worldly, his failure to do well in the position can hardly be ascribed to __________.
A callowness
B unintelligence
C sloth
D cupidity
E incompetence
解析:这题根据hardly取反,空格对应sophisticated and worldly取反即可,答案选择callowness(幼稚)。
翻译:鉴于Hefele显然是老练且有世俗经验的,他在这个位置上表现不佳并不能归因于不成熟。
5. The classical music scene today is remarkably __________, strikingly open to varied harmonic idioms, and eager to embrace experimentation and to absorb influences from world music, folk music, rock, and other genres.
A factious
B eclectic
C contentious
D catholic
E monotonous
F wearisome
解析:根据逗号前后取同,根据逗号后解释,空格应该是varied同义词。B选项 eclectic, 兼容并包的,D选项 catholic, 广博的,是varied的同义词。
翻译:今天的古典音乐场景非常混杂,对各种和声习语非常开放,并渴望拥抱实验并吸收世界音乐,民间音乐,摇滚和其他类型的影响。
6. French writer Marcel Proust`s letters reflect such an eagerness to please and contain so many compliments, apologies, and expressions of politeness directed toward their addressees that they are borderline __________.
A risible
B sycophantic
C facetious
D obsequious
E maundering
F waggish
解析:这题根据so…that…, such…that… 前后取同,空格取同eagerness to please and contain so many compliments即可,答案选择BD,拍马屁的。
翻译:法国作家MP的信件反映出,这样一种渴望取悦并且包含如此多的赞美,道歉和礼貌的表达,这些直接指出他们是拍马屁的。
二、数学
1. Data list I and data list II are summarized by boxplot I and boxplot II, respectively, as shown above. Which of the following statements must be true?
Indicate all such statements.A The median of data list II is greater than the median of data list I.
B The range of data list I is greater than the range of data list II.
C The interquartile range of data list I is greater than the interquartile range of data list II.
解题思路:第二个箱线图中位数=250,第一个箱线图中位数明显<250,故A正确
第一个箱线图的极差≈360-100=260,第二个箱线图的极差=375-120=255,故B正确
第一个箱线图的四分位距=350-150=200,第二个箱线图的四分位距=300-170=130,故C正确
综合下来,选A、B、C
怎么看boxplot箱线图?箱线图默认:数值从左到右是:从~小~到~大~的顺序排列:
① 上图的List的最左顶到头的竖线 = 最小值的所在位置,最右顶到头的竖线为Q4 = 最大值的所在位置。
② 长方形的箱子:最左的边为Q1的所在位置,中间的竖线为Q2 = 中位数的所在位置,最右的边为Q3的所在位置。
——
其中,Q1~Q4的含义为:
Q1:在第1个25%的位置上;
Q2:在第2个25%的位置上,即在50%的位置上 = 中位数;
Q3:在第3个25%的位置上,即在75%的位置上;
Q4:在第3个25%的位置上,即在100%的位置上 = 最大值。
——
③ 每个位置的的值 = 竖线向下延伸与数轴的交点的值。
④ interquartile range 四分位差,即四分位范围 = Q3值-Q1值。
⑤ The range of list = 最大值-最小值。