[GRE] 阅读超超高频短文章 错题（一）

Passage 4

African American drama has, until recently, been rooted in the mimetic tradition of modern American naturalism. The most distinctive attribute of this tradition is the mechanistic, materialistic conception of humanity. Naturalism sees each individual as inextricably bound to the environment and depicts each person as someone controlled by, instead of controlling, concrete reality. As long as African American drama maintained naturalism as its dominant mode, it could only express the "plight of African American people". Its heroes might declare the madness of reality, but reality inevitably triumphed over them.

The surrealistic plays of Adrienne Kennedy mark one of the first departures from naturalism by an African American dramatist. The overall goal of her work has been to depict the world of the soul and the spirit, not to mirror concrete reality. Within this framework, Kennedy has been able to portray African American minds and souls liberated from their connections to the external environment.

直到最近，非裔美国戏剧一直植根于现代美国自然主义的模仿传统。这一传统最显着的特征是机械论的、唯物主义的人性观。自然主义认为每个人都与环境密不可分，并将每个人描绘成受具体现实控制而不是控制的人。非裔美剧只要保持自然主义为主导模式，就只能表达“非裔美国人的困境”。它的英雄们可能会宣布现实的疯狂，但现实不可避免地战胜了他们。

艾德丽安·肯尼迪 (Adrienne Kennedy) 的超现实主义戏剧标志着非裔美国剧作家首次背离自然主义。她作品的总体目标是描绘灵魂和精神的世界，而不是反映具体的现实。在这个框架内，肯尼迪能够描绘出非裔美国人的思想和灵魂，他们从与外部环境的联系中解放出来。 

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