C++ 整型变量

变量名

• 只能用字母、数字、下划线
• 第一个字符不能是数字
• 区分大小写
• 不能使用关键字

整型

• short 16位
• int 32位
• long 32位
• long long 64位

limits.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <climits> // 定义了符号常量来表示类型的限制
using namespace std;
int main()
{
     int n_int = INT_MAX; // 将n_int初始化为int能够存储的最大值
     short n_short = SHRT_MAX; // #define SHRT_MAX 32767
     long n_long = LONG_MAX;
     long long n_llong = LLONG_MAX;

     // 使用sizeof计算变量类型的大小
     cout << "int is " << sizeof(int) << " bytes" << endl;
     cout << "short is " << sizeof(short) << " bytes" << endl;
     cout << "long is " << sizeof(long) << " bytes" << endl;
     cout << "long long is " << sizeof(long long) << " bytes" << endl;

     // 表示整型变量能表示最大值
     cout << "Maximum values:" << endl;
     cout << "int: " << n_int << endl;
     cout << "short: " << n_short << endl;
     cout << "long: " << n_long << endl;
     cout << "long long: " << n_llong << endl;

     // 表示整型变量能表示最小值
     cout << "Minimum int value = " << INT_MIN << endl;
     cout << "Bits per byte = " << CHAR_BIT << endl; // char的位数
     return 0;
}

输出

 int is 4 bytes
 short is 2 bytes
 long is 4 bytes
 long long is 8 bytes

 Maximum values:
 int: 2147483647
 short: 32767
 long: 2147483647
 long long: 9223372036854775807

 Minimum int value = -2147483648
 Bits per byte = 8