设计模式2--Abstract Factory Design Pattern In C++

最新推荐文章于 2025-11-18 16:34:59 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-11-18 16:34:59 发布 · 487 阅读

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#设计模式

本文介绍了抽象工厂设计模式（AFDP），展示了如何在C++中使用该模式创建和管理相关对象系列，以及其在系统独立性和对象配置方面的优势。通过继承和protected特性，实现在Car类和CarFactory之间的灵活组装。

1.AFDP（抽象工厂设计模式）

AFDP 定义了一个抽象类来创建相关的家族对象但未指定其具体子类

2.基本原理图

3.为什么/何时使用AFDP

1.你需要系统独立于对象的创建、组合和表示方式。

2.显示接口而不是实现。

3.系统需要配置多个对象系列之一

4.UML图

5.C++程序

继承中的访问：protected 最关键的特性是它允许派生类访问基类中的受保护成员。这意味着如果一个基类中的成员被声明为 protected，则任何直接或间接的派生类都可以访问这些成员。这一点与 private 成员不同，private 成员即使在派生类中也是不可访问的。

Car.cpp

#ifndef __io__
#define __io__
#include <iostream>
#endif

class Tire {
protected:
    std::string name;
    int presure;
public: 
    Tire(std::string n, int presure):name(n), presure(presure){};
    std::string getName() { return name;}
    int getPresure() {return presure;}
};

class SimpleTire:public Tire {
public:
    SimpleTire(): Tire("SimpleTire", 75) {}
};

class LuxuryTire : public Tire {
public:
    LuxuryTire(): Tire("LuxuryTire", 100) {}
};

class Body {
protected:
    std::string name;
    int strength;
public:
    Body(std::string n, int strength): name(n) , strength(strength) {}
    std::string getName() {return name;}
    int getStrenth() {return strength;}
};

class SimpleBody: public Body {
public:
    SimpleBody(): Body("SimpleBody", 75) {}
};


class LuxuryBody: public Body {
public:
    LuxuryBody(): Body("LuxuryBody", 100) {}
};

class Car {
protected:
    std::string name;
    Tire* tire;
    Body* body;
public:
    Car(std::string n): name(n) {}
    void setTire(Tire* t) {tire = t;}
    void setBody(Body* b) {body = b;}
    void printDetails() {
        std::cout << std::endl << "car:" << name << std::endl;
        std::cout << "tire:" << tire->getName() << "pressure:" << tire->getPresure() << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Body:" << body->getName() << "strength:" << body->getStrenth() << std::endl;
    }
};

CarFactory.cpp

#ifndef __io__
#define __io__
#include <iostream>
#endif

class Tire {
protected:
    std::string name;
    int presure;
public: 
    Tire(std::string n, int presure):name(n), presure(presure){};
    std::string getName() { return name;}
    int getPresure() {return presure;}
};

class SimpleTire:public Tire {
public:
    SimpleTire(): Tire("SimpleTire", 75) {}
};

class LuxuryTire : public Tire {
public:
    LuxuryTire(): Tire("LuxuryTire", 100) {}
};

class Body {
protected:
    std::string name;
    int strength;
public:
    Body(std::string n, int strength): name(n) , strength(strength) {}
    std::string getName() {return name;}
    int getStrenth() {return strength;}
};

class SimpleBody: public Body {
public:
    SimpleBody(): Body("SimpleBody", 75) {}
};


class LuxuryBody: public Body {
public:
    LuxuryBody(): Body("LuxuryBody", 100) {}
};

class Car {
protected:
    std::string name;
    Tire* tire;
    Body* body;
public:
    Car(std::string n): name(n) {}
    void setTire(Tire* t) {tire = t;}
    void setBody(Body* b) {body = b;}
    void printDetails() {
        std::cout << std::endl << "car:" << name << std::endl;
        std::cout << "tire:" << tire->getName() << "pressure:" << tire->getPresure() << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Body:" << body->getName() << "strength:" << body->getStrenth() << std::endl;
    }
};

client.cpp

#ifndef __io__
#define __io__
#include <iostream>
#endif

#include "CarFactory.cpp"

#define SIMPLE_CAR 1
// #define LUXURY_CAR 1

int main() {
    #ifdef SIMPLE_CAR
        CarFactory* factory = new SimpleCarFactory;
    #elif LUXURY_CAR
        CarFactory* factory = new LuxuryCarFactory;

    #endif

    Car *car = factory -> buildWholeCar();
    car -> printDetails();

    return 0;
}

github见GitHub - daichang01/factory-design-in-cplusplus