Handler初体验（一）——下载文件并更新进度条

实现思路:

1. 获取文件的输入流
2. 把输入流读入到缓存流中，并累积记录流的长度
3. 通过Handler机制将长度传递给UI线程
4. ProgressBar接到到读取长度以及文件总长度进行UI的更新。

界面效果:

布局代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.ycw.progresspro.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="开始下载"
        android:id="@+id/btn_start"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <ProgressBar
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/progressBar"
        android:max="100"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        android:text="已下载"
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_below="@+id/progressBar"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
        android:text="0%"
        android:id="@+id/percent"
        android:layout_below="@+id/progressBar"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_toEndOf="@+id/textView" />
</RelativeLayout>

添加权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

PS：如果运行环境API>23的话（Android6.0及之后），需要动态申请权限，详情可以查看我的另一篇博客关于Android6.0读写文件权限问题

实现代码:

代码里面有非常详细的注释

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final int DOWNLOAD_FILE_CODE = 100001 ;
    private static final String DOWNLOAD_URL ="http://download.sj.qq.com/upload/connAssitantDownload/upload/MobileAssistant_1.apk" ;
    private static final int DOWNLOAD_FILE_FAILE_CODE = 100002;
    private Button StartDownload;
    private TextView percent;
    private ProgressBar progressBar;
    private Handler handler;

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        StartDownload.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //执行下载程序
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        download(DOWNLOAD_URL);
                    }
                }).start();

            }
        });
        handler = new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                super.handleMessage(msg);
                switch (msg.what){
                    case 100001:
                        //更新进度条
                        progressBar.setProgress((Integer) msg.obj);
                        percent.setText(String.valueOf(msg.arg1)+"%");
                        if (progressBar.getProgress()==100){
                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "下载完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                        break;
                    case 100002:
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "下载失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;

                }
            }
        };
    }

    private void download(String AppUrl) {
        //实例化URL对象
        try {
            URL url = new URL(AppUrl);
            //实例化一个URLConnection对象
            URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
            //获取下载路径
            String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
                    + File.separator + "ZerGen" + File.separator;
            //创建目录
            File PathName = new File(path);
            //如果PathName不存在的话 就创建这个目录
            if(!PathName.exists()){
                PathName.mkdir();
            }
            //有了目录之后，就需要一个文件名
            String ApkName = path+"ZerGen.apk";
            //判断一下这个文件是否已经存在，存在的话就删除它
            File ApkFile = new File(ApkName);
            if(ApkFile.exists()){
                ApkFile.delete();
            }
            //获取文件的总长度
            int ContentLength = conn.getContentLength();
            //获取输入流
            InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
            byte[] b = new byte[1024];
            int DownloadLength = 0; //用于保存实时下载长度
            int len  =0;
            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(ApkName);
            while((len = in.read(b))>-1){
                 out.write(b,0,len);
                 DownloadLength += len;
                //将实时的下载长度传给UI线程
                Message message=handler.obtainMessage();
                message.what =DOWNLOAD_FILE_CODE;
                message.obj = DownloadLength*100/ContentLength;
                message.arg1 = DownloadLength*100/ContentLength;
                handler.sendMessage(message);

            }

        } catch (java.io.IOException e) {
            downloadfail();
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void downloadfail() {
        Message message=handler.obtainMessage();
        message.what =DOWNLOAD_FILE_FAILE_CODE;
        handler.sendMessage(message);
    }

    private void initView() {
        StartDownload = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
        percent = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.percent);
        progressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar);

    }
}

最终效果: