Bootstrap
- 概念: 一个前端开发的框架,Bootstrap,来自Twitter,是目前很受欢迎的前端框架.Bootstrap是基于HTML/CSS/Javascript的,它简洁灵活,使得Web开发更加快捷
- 框架 : 一个半成品软件,开发人员可以在框架的基础上,在进行开发,简化编码
- 好处:
- 定义了很多的css样式,和js插件,我们开发人员直接可以使用这些样式和插件得到丰富的页面效果
- 响应式布局
- 同一套页面可以兼容不同分辨率的设备
- 快速入门
- 下载Bootstrap
- 在项目中将这三个文件夹复制
- 创建html页面,引入必要的资源文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title>
<!-- Bootstrap -->
<link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
<!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// -->
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>你好,世界!</h1>
<!-- jQuery (necessary for Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins) -->
<script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<!-- Include all compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed -->
<script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
相应式布局
- 同一套页面可以兼容不同分辨率的设备
- 实现:依赖于栅格系统:将一行平均分成12个格子,可以指定元素占几个格子
- 步骤:
- 定义容器: 相当于之前的table
- 容器分类:
- container:两边留白
- container-fluid:每一种设备都是100%宽度
- 容器分类:
- 定义行。相当于之前的tr 样式:row
- 设备代号:
- xs:超小屏幕 手机 (<768px):col-xs-12
- sm:小屏幕 平板 (≥768px)
- md:中等屏幕 桌面显示器 (≥992px)
- lg:大屏幕 大桌面显示器 (≥1200px)
- 设备代号:
- 定义元素。指定该元素在不同的设备上,所占的格子数目。样式:col-设备代号-格子数目
- 注意:
- 一行中如果格子数目超过12,则超出部分自动换行。
- 栅格类属性可以向上兼容。栅格类适用于与屏幕宽度大于或等于分界点大小的设备。
- 如果真实设备宽度小于了设置栅格类属性的设备代码的最小值,会一个元素沾满一整行。
- 定义容器: 相当于之前的table
CSS样式和Js插件
- 全局CSS样式:
- 按钮:class=“btn btn-default”
- 图片:
- class=“img-responsive”:图片在任意尺寸都占100%
- 图片形状
- < img src="…" alt="…" class=“img-rounded”>:方形
- < img src="…" alt="…" class=“img-circle”> : 圆形
- < img src="…" alt="…" class=“img-thumbnail”> :相框
- 表格
- table
- table-bordered
- table-hover
- 表单
- 给表单项添加:class=“form-control”
- 组件:
- 导航条
- 分页条
- 插件:
- 轮播图
具体内容参考文档Bootstrap中文文档
案例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title>
<!-- Bootstrap -->
<link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
<!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// -->
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
<!-- jQuery (necessary for Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins) -->
<script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
<!-- Include all compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed -->
<script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<style>
.paddtop{
padding-top: 10px;
}
.search-input{
float: left;
border: 2px solid #ffc900 ;
width: 400px;
height: 35px;
padding-left: 5px;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.search-btn{
float: left;
border: 1px solid #ffc900;
width: 90px;
height: 35px;
background-color: #ffc900;
text-align: center;
line-height: 35px;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.jx{
border-bottom: 2px solid #ffc900;
padding: 5px;
}
.company{
height: 40px;
background-color: #ffc900;
text-align: center;
line-height:40px ;
font-size: 8px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!--页眉-->
<header class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<img src="img/top_banner.jpg" class="img-responsive">
</div>
<div class="row paddtop">
<div class="col-md-3">
<img src="img/logo.jpg" class="img-responsive">
</div>
<div class="col-md-5">
<input class="search-input" placeholder="请输入路线名称">
<a class="search-btn" href="#">搜索</a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<img src="img/hotel_tel.png" class="img-responsive">
</div>
</div>
<!--导航栏-->
<div class="row">
<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
<div class="container-fluid">
<!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
<div class="navbar-header">
<!-- 定义汉堡按钮 -->
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">首页</a>
</div>
<!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="#">推荐 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
<li><a href="#">国内游</a></li>
<li><a href="#">国外游</a></li>
<li><a href="#">精选</a></li>
<li><a href="#">日韩游</a></li>
<li><a href="#">泰国游</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</nav>
</div>
<!--轮播图-->
<div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
<!-- Indicators -->
<ol class="carousel-indicators">
<li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
<li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li>
<li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li>
</ol>
<!-- Wrapper for slides -->
<div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox">
<div class="item active">
<img src="img/banner_1.jpg " width="100%" alt="...">
<div class="carousel-caption">
</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<img src="img/banner_2.jpg" width="100%" alt="...">
<div class="carousel-caption">
</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<img src="img/banner_3.jpg" width="100%" alt="...">
</div>
</div>
<!-- Controls -->
<a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
</a>
<a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next">
<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Next</span>
</a>
</div>
</header>
<!--主体部分-->
<div class="container">
<div class="row jx">
<img src="img/icon_5.jpg">
<span>黑马精选</span>
</div>
<div class="row paddtop">
<div class="col-md-3">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row jx">
<img src="img/icon_6.jpg">
<span>国内游</span>
</div>
<div class="row paddtop">
<div class="col-md-4">
<img src="img/guonei_1.jpg">
</div>
<div class="col-md-8">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="thumbnail">
<img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
<p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
<font color="red">¥ 699</font>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!--页脚-->
<footer class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<img src="img/footer_service.png" class="img-responsive">
</div>
<div class="row company">
版权所有
</div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>