matlab画图案例

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-02 23:41:07 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-02 23:41:07 发布

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文章标签： matlab 信息可视化数据分析

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36585997/article/details/140218898

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下面是一些使用MATLAB进行数据可视化的常见案例，包括简单的2D图、3D图、以及带有注释和格式化的图表。每个案例都会提供详细的MATLAB代码。

1. 简单的2D图

案例：绘制正弦和余弦函数

matlab
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% 生成数据
x = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100);
y1 = sin(x);
y2 = cos(x);

% 创建图形
figure;
plot(x, y1, '-r', 'LineWidth', 1.5); % 绘制正弦函数，红色实线
hold on;
plot(x, y2, '--b', 'LineWidth', 1.5); % 绘制余弦函数，蓝色虚线
hold off;

% 添加标题和标签
title('Sine and Cosine Functions');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('y');
legend('sin(x)', 'cos(x)');

% 设置网格
grid on;

2. 带有注释的2D图

案例：绘制抛物线并添加注释

matlab
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% 生成数据
x = linspace(-10, 10, 100);
y = x.^2;

% 创建图形
figure;
plot(x, y, '-g', 'LineWidth', 2); % 绘制抛物线，绿色实线

% 添加标题和标签
title('Parabola');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('y');
legend('y = x^2');

% 添加注释
text(0, 0, 'Vertex (0, 0)', 'HorizontalAlignment', 'right');

% 设置网格
grid on;

3. 3D图

案例：绘制三维曲面图

matlab
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% 生成数据
[X, Y] = meshgrid(-3:0.1:3, -3:0.1:3);
Z = peaks(X, Y);

% 创建图形
figure;
surf(X, Y, Z);

% 添加标题和标签
title('3D Surface Plot');
xlabel('X-axis');
ylabel('Y-axis');
zlabel('Z-axis');

% 设置视角
view(45, 30);

% 添加颜色条
colorbar;

4. 多子图

案例：绘制子图

matlab
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% 生成数据
x = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100);
y1 = sin(x);
y2 = cos(x);
y3 = tan(x);

% 创建图形
figure;

% 子图1
subplot(3, 1, 1);
plot(x, y1, '-r', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
title('Sine Function');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('sin(x)');
grid on;

% 子图2
subplot(3, 1, 2);
plot(x, y2, '-b', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
title('Cosine Function');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('cos(x)');
grid on;

% 子图3
subplot(3, 1, 3);
plot(x, y3, '-g', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
title('Tangent Function');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('tan(x)');
grid on;

5. 极坐标图

案例：绘制极坐标图

matlab
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% 生成数据
theta = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100);
r = abs(sin(2*theta) .* cos(2*theta));

% 创建图形
figure;
polarplot(theta, r, '-m', 'LineWidth', 1.5);

% 添加标题
title('Polar Plot of r = |sin(2\theta) cos(2\theta)|');

6. 柱状图

案例：绘制柱状图

matlab
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% 生成数据
categories = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D'};
values = [5, 3, 9, 7];

% 创建图形
figure;
bar(values, 'FaceColor', [0.2, 0.6, 0.8]);

% 添加标题和标签
title('Bar Chart Example');
xlabel('Category');
ylabel('Value');
set(gca, 'XTickLabel', categories);

% 设置网格
grid on;

7. 散点图

案例：绘制散点图

matlab
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% 生成数据
x = randn(100, 1);
y = randn(100, 1);
sizes = 100 * rand(100, 1); % 点的大小
colors = rand(100, 1); % 点的颜色

% 创建图形
figure;
scatter(x, y, sizes, colors, 'filled');

% 添加标题和标签
title('Scatter Plot Example');
xlabel('X-axis');
ylabel('Y-axis');

% 添加颜色条
colorbar;

README.md

markdown
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# MATLAB Plotting Examples

This repository contains examples of using MATLAB for data visualization, including 2D plots, 3D plots, and specialized plots.

## Requirements

- MATLAB

## Usage

1. Clone the repository or download the files.
2. Open MATLAB.
3. Navigate to the directory containing the examples.
4. Run the desired script, e.g., `simple_2d_plot.m`.

## Examples

### Simple 2D Plot

```matlab
% simple_2d_plot.m
% Generates a 2D plot of sine and cosine functions.
x = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100);
y1 = sin(x);
y2 = cos(x);

figure;
plot(x, y1, '-r', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
hold on;
plot(x, y2, '--b', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
hold off;

title('Sine and Cosine Functions');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('y');
legend('sin(x)', 'cos(x)');
grid on;

Annotated 2D Plot

matlab
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% annotated_2d_plot.m
% Generates a 2D plot of a parabola with annotations.
x = linspace(-10, 10, 100);
y = x.^2;

figure;
plot(x, y, '-g', 'LineWidth', 2);
title('Parabola');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('y');
legend('y = x^2');
text(0, 0, 'Vertex (0, 0)', 'HorizontalAlignment', 'right');
grid on;

3D Surface Plot

matlab
复制代码
% 3d_surface_plot.m
% Generates a 3D surface plot.
[X, Y] = meshgrid(-3:0.1:3, -3:0.1:3);
Z = peaks(X, Y);

figure;
surf(X, Y, Z);
title('3D Surface Plot');
xlabel('X-axis');
ylabel('Y-axis');
zlabel('Z-axis');
view(45, 30);
colorbar;

Subplots

matlab
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% subplots_example.m
% Generates multiple subplots in one figure.
x = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100);
y1 = sin(x);
y2 = cos(x);
y3 = tan(x);

figure;
subplot(3, 1, 1);
plot(x, y1, '-r', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
title('Sine Function');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('sin(x)');
grid on;

subplot(3, 1, 2);
plot(x, y2, '-b', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
title('Cosine Function');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('cos(x)');
grid on;

subplot(3, 1, 3);
plot(x, y3, '-g', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
title('Tangent Function');
xlabel('x');
ylabel('tan(x)');
grid on;

Polar Plot

matlab
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% polar_plot.m
% Generates a polar plot.
theta = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100);
r = abs(sin(2*theta) .* cos(2*theta));

figure;
polarplot(theta, r, '-m', 'LineWidth', 1.5);
title('Polar Plot of r = |sin(2\theta) cos(2\theta)|');

Bar Chart

matlab
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% bar_chart_example.m
% Generates a bar chart.
categories = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D'};
values = [5, 3, 9, 7];

figure;
bar(values, 'FaceColor', [0.2, 0.6, 0.8]);
title('Bar Chart Example');
xlabel('Category');
ylabel('Value');
set(gca, 'XTickLabel', categories);
grid on;

Scatter Plot

matlab
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% scatter_plot_example.m
% Generates a scatter plot.
x = randn(100, 1);
y = randn(100, 1);
sizes = 100 * rand(100, 1);
colors = rand(100, 1);

figure;
scatter(x, y, sizes, colors, 'filled');
title('Scatter Plot Example');
xlabel('X-axis');
ylabel('Y-axis');
colorbar;
mathematica
复制代码

以上是几个MATLAB画图的案例及其相关代码。通过这些案例，你可以学会如何使用MATLAB进行各种数据可视化，包