12.Unix&BKP&RTC

1. 原理

1.1RTC框图

1.2 RTC基本结构

2. C标准库<time.h>的使用

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h> 

/******此处定义的内容皆为time.h中的数据类型******/
time_t time_cnt;				//64位int类型
struct tm time_date;			//struct tm是一个整体表示结构体 
char *time_str; 

int main (void)
{ 
	//time_cnt = time(NULL);
	//time(&time_cnt);			//此处作用与上行作用一致 
	time_cnt = 1672588795; 

	printf("%d\n",time_cnt);
	
	/*****gmtime******
	time_date = *gmtime(&time_cnt);
	
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_year + 1900);
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_mon + 1);
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_mday );
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_hour );
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_min);
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_sec);
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_wday);
	*/
	
	/*localtime,此函数会自动添加偏移*/
	time_date = *localtime(&time_cnt);
	
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_year + 1900);
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_mon + 1);
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_mday );
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_hour );
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_min);
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_sec);
	printf("%d\n",time_date.tm_wday);
	
	/*mktime  将时间转换为秒*/
	time_cnt = mktime(&time_date); 
	printf("%d\n",time_cnt);
	
	/*ctime 将秒转换成时间的字符串*/
	time_str = ctime(&time_cnt);
	printf(time_str);
	
	/*asctime 将秒转换成时间的字符串,函数参数不一样*/
	time_str = asctime(&time_date);
	printf(time_str);
	
	/*strftime 将秒转换成时间的字符串,格式为自定义,上面两个函数都是固定为默认的格式*/
	char t[50];
	strftime(t, 50, "%H-%M-%S", &time_date);
	printf(t);
	
	return 0;
}

3.Read&Write Backup Register

3.1 接线图

3.2实现代码

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Key.h"

uint8_t KeyNum;

uint16_t ArrayWrite[] = {0X1234, 0X5678};
uint16_t ArrayRead[2];

int main(void)
{
	OLED_Init();
	Key_Init();
	
	OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "W:");
	OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "R:");
	
	/***************Start Init**************/
	RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_BKP, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_PWR, ENABLE);
		
	PWR_BackupAccessCmd(ENABLE);
	/***************Init End**************/
	
	//BKP_WriteBackupRegister(BKP_DR1, 0X1234);
	//OLED_ShowHexNum(1, 1, (BKP_ReadBackupRegister(BKP_DR1)), 4); 
	
	while(1)
	{
		KeyNum = Key_GetNum();
		
		if(KeyNum == 1)
		{
			ArrayWrite[0] ++;
			ArrayWrite[1] ++;
			
			BKP_WriteBackupRegister(BKP_DR1, ArrayWrite[0]);
			BKP_WriteBackupRegister(BKP_DR2, ArrayWrite[1]);
			
			OLED_ShowHexNum(1, 3, ArrayWrite[0], 4);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(1, 8, ArrayWrite[1], 4);
		}
		
		
		ArrayRead[0] = BKP_ReadBackupRegister(BKP_DR1);
		ArrayRead[1] = BKP_ReadBackupRegister(BKP_DR2);
		
		OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 3, ArrayRead[0], 4);
		OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 8, ArrayRead[1], 4);

	}
}

4.  RTC(Real Time Clock)

4.1 接线图

4.2 实现代码

4.2.1 MyRTC.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include <time.h>

uint16_t MyRTC_Time[] = {2024, 2, 2, 20, 18, 55};

void MyRTC_SetTime(void);//下方函数会用到该函数,该函数位置在后面,不在此声明下方函数会报错
void MyRTC_Init(void)
{
	RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_BKP, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_PWR, ENABLE);
	
	PWR_BackupAccessCmd(ENABLE);
	
	if(BKP_ReadBackupRegister(BKP_DR1) != 0XA5A5)		//主电源和vbat同时断电,重新设置秒数.
	{
		RCC_LSEConfig(RCC_LSE_ON);
		while(RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_LSERDY) != SET);
		
		//选择时钟
		RCC_RTCCLKConfig(RCC_RTCCLKSource_LSE);
		RCC_RTCCLKCmd(ENABLE);
		
		//等待同步,等待上一次函数写入完成.两个函数里面是执行等待
		RTC_WaitForSynchro();
		RTC_WaitForLastTask();
		//两个函数的目的是防止时钟不同步造成的bug
		
		
		RTC_SetPrescaler(32768 - 1);			//写操作后这个值并不是立即生效,最好等待一下写操作完成
		RTC_WaitForLastTask();
			
	//	RTC_SetCounter(1672588795);				//设置初始时间,不写值默认为1970年
	//	RTC_WaitForLastTask();
		MyRTC_SetTime();
		
		BKP_WriteBackupRegister(BKP_DR1, 0XA5A5);
	}
	else
	{
		RTC_WaitForSynchro();
		RTC_WaitForLastTask();
	}
}

void MyRTC_SetTime(void)
{
	time_t time_cnt;
	struct tm time_date;
	
	time_date.tm_year = MyRTC_Time[0] - 1900; 
	time_date.tm_mon = MyRTC_Time[1] - 1; 
	time_date.tm_mday = MyRTC_Time[2]; 
	time_date.tm_hour = MyRTC_Time[3]; 
	time_date.tm_min = MyRTC_Time[4]; 
	time_date.tm_sec = MyRTC_Time[5]; 
	
	time_cnt = mktime(&time_date) - 8 * 60 * 60;
	
	RTC_SetCounter(time_cnt);
	RTC_WaitForLastTask();
}

void MyRTC_ReadTime(void)
{
	time_t time_cnt;
	struct tm time_date;
	
	time_cnt = RTC_GetCounter() + 8 * 60 *60;
	
	time_date = *localtime(&time_cnt);
	
	MyRTC_Time[0] = time_date.tm_year + 1900; 
	MyRTC_Time[1] = time_date.tm_mon + 1; 
	MyRTC_Time[2] = time_date.tm_mday; 
	MyRTC_Time[3] = time_date.tm_hour; 
	MyRTC_Time[4] = time_date.tm_min; 
	MyRTC_Time[5] = time_date.tm_sec; 
}

4.2.2 main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "MyRTC.h"


int main(void)
{
	OLED_Init();
	MyRTC_Init();
	
	OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "Data:XXXX-XX-XX");
	OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "Time:XX:XX:XX");
	OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "CNT :");
	OLED_ShowString(4, 1, "DIV :");					//DIV没自减一轮,CNT＋1.
	
	while(1)
	{
		MyRTC_ReadTime();
		
		OLED_ShowNum(1, 6, MyRTC_Time[0], 4);
		OLED_ShowNum(1, 11, MyRTC_Time[1], 2);
		OLED_ShowNum(1, 14, MyRTC_Time[2], 2);
		OLED_ShowNum(2, 6, MyRTC_Time[3], 2);
		OLED_ShowNum(2, 9, MyRTC_Time[4], 2);
		OLED_ShowNum(2, 12, MyRTC_Time[5], 2);
		
		OLED_ShowNum(3, 6, RTC_GetCounter(), 10) ;
		OLED_ShowNum(4, 6, RTC_GetDivider(), 10) ;
		//OLED_ShowNum(4, 6, (32767 - RTC_GetDivider()) / 32737.0 * 999, 10) ;			//	表示毫秒

	}
}