python实现从一个文件夹下随机抽取一定数量的图片并移动到另一个文件夹

适用场景：从训练集中随机抽取一定比例作为验证集

 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import os
import random
import shutil
 
# source_file:源路径, target_ir:目标路径
def cover_files(source_dir, target_ir):
    for file in os.listdir(source_dir):
        source_file = os.path.join(source_dir, file)
 
        if os.path.isfile(source_file):
            shutil.copy(source_file, target_ir)
 
def ensure_dir_exists(dir_name):
    """Makes sure the folder exists on disk.
  Args:
    dir_name: Path string to the folder we want to create.
  """
    if not os.path.exists(dir_name):
        os.makedirs(dir_name)
 
def moveFile(file_dir, save_dir):
    ensure_dir_exists(save_dir)
    path_dir = os.listdir(file_dir)    # 取图片的原始路径
    filenumber = len(path_dir)
    rate = 0.1    # 自定义抽取图片的比例，比方说100张抽10张，那就是0.1
    picknumber = int(filenumber*rate)             # 按照rate比例从文件夹中取一定数量图片
    sample = random.sample(path_dir, picknumber)  # 随机选取picknumber数量的样本图片
    print (sample)
    for name in sample:
        shutil.move(file_dir+name, save_dir+name)
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    file_dir = 'val/'                  # 源图片文件夹路径
    save_dir = 'images_val/'           # 移动到新的文件夹路径
    moveFile(file_dir, save_dir)

转载：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40769885/article/details/82869760